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Record W97108049 · doi:10.4401/ag-3125

Seafloor Observatory Science: a Review

2006· review· en· W97108049 on OpenAlex

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

fundA Canadian funder is recorded on the work.
no affNo Canadian affiliation: this work is invisible to an affiliation-only frame.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame, the usual design, would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.

Bibliographic record

VenueAnnals of Geophysics · 2006
Typereview
Languageen
FieldEngineering
TopicUnderwater Vehicles and Communication Systems
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersNational Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster PreventionInstitut national des sciences de l'UniversJapan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and TechnologyLeibniz-GemeinschaftNatural Environment Research CouncilUC Berkeley College of ChemistryU.S. Geological SurveyEuropean Social FundNational Oceanic and Atmospheric AdministrationNational Oceanography CentreIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareInstitut de Physique du Globe de ParisIstituto Nazionale di Geofisica e VulcanologiaKoninklijk Nederlands Instituut voor Onderzoek der ZeeUniversity of VictoriaTechnische Universität BerlinUniversidade de LisboaIstituto Nazionale di AstrofisicaNational Aeronautics and Space AdministrationUniversità degli Studi di PalermoLamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia UniversityInstitut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la MerLeibniz-Institut für MeereswissenschaftenStanley Medical Research InstituteEniCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueEuropean Science FoundationJohns Hopkins UniversityEuropean Space AgencyNational Science FoundationEuropean CommissionTexas AgriLife ResearchUniversity of TokyoUniversità di CataniaConsiglio Nazionale delle RicercheUniversità degli Studi di MessinaWoods Hole Oceanographic Institution
KeywordsSeafloor spreadingObservatoryOcean observationsEarth system scienceSatelliteClimate changeEarth scienceRemote sensingEnvironmental scienceOceanographyGeologyEngineeringAerospace engineering

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

The ocean exerts a pervasive influence on Earth’s environment. It is therefore important that we learn how this system operates (NRC, 1998b; 1999). For example, the ocean is an important regulator of climate change (e.g., IPCC, 1995). Understanding the link between natural and anthropogenic climate change and ocean circulation is essential for predicting the magnitude and impact of future changes in Earth’s climate. Understanding the ocean, and the complex physical, biological, chemical, and geological systems operating within it, should be an important goal for the opening decades of the 21st century. Another fundamental reason for increasing our understanding of ocean systems is that the global economy is highly dependent on the ocean (e.g., for tourism, fisheries, hydrocarbons, and mineral resources) (Summerhayes, 1996). The establishment of a global network of seafloor observatories will help to provide the means to accomplish this goal. These observatories will have power and communication capabilities and will provide support for spatially distributed sensing systems and mobile platforms. Sensors and instruments will potentially collect data from above the air-sea interface to below the seafloor. Seafloor observatories will also be a powerful complement to satellite measurement systems by providing the ability to collect vertically distributed measurements within the water column for use with the spatial measurements acquired by satellites while also providing the capability to calibrate remotely sensed satellite measurements (NRC, 2000). Ocean observatory science has already had major successes. For example the TAO array has enabled the detection, understanding and prediction of El Niño events (e.g., Fujimoto et al., 2003). This paper is a world-wide review of the new emerging “Seafloor Observatory Science”, and describes both the scientific motivations for seafloor observatories and the technical solutions applied to their architecture. A description of world-wide past and ongoing experiments, as well as concepts presently under study, is also given, with particular attention to European projects and to the Italian contribution. Finally, there is a discussion on “Seafloor Observatory Science” perspectives.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Not applicable · Consensus signal: none
GenreCandidate signal: Review · Consensus signal: Review
Teacher disagreement score0.958
Threshold uncertainty score0.975

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0010.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0010.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.159
GPT teacher head0.371
Teacher spread0.212 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it