Phage Production and Maintenance of Stocks, Including Expected Stock Lifetimes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In microbiology, preservation of an archival stock or a "master stock" of a given microorganism is essential for many reasons including scientific research, conservation of the genetic resources and providing the foundation for several biotechnological processes. The objective is to preserve the initial characteristics of the microorganism and to avoid the genetic drift that occurs when the organism is maintained indefinitely in an actively growing state. The same holds true in phage biology and it is of particular interest when a collection of phages is to be maintained. The aim of this chapter is to provide phage biologists with general procedures to prepare and maintain bacteriophage stocks on a long-term basis. The protocols described below should be considered as general guidelines because although many phages and bacterial strains can be propagated and stored in these conditions, specific media and/or growth and storage conditions must be evaluated for each phage and bacterium. Since it was not the scope of this chapter to provide an exhaustive list of these particular conditions, we instead highlighted the main factors affecting phage amplification and storage. We hope this will help phage biologists to develop their own strategies for their preferred phages.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".