Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Temple Church in London was built by the Knights Templar during the Crusades, a time of bitter division between Christian and Muslim cultures. Such a gulf may appear to be deepening again in our own time. It was therefore highly appropriate that the Church should have been the venue for a series of discussions on Islam and English law, set up to articulate, understand and, if possible, to begin to bridge, at one crucial point, the apparent chasm between the two cultures. Most of the chapters in this volume have their origin in those discussions; they have been transformed since by the authors themselves – to all of whom we have good reason to be grateful for the care and passion with which they have written. The book, although naturally focused on the UK, is offered as part of an ongoing conversation on topics of international concern; our contributors work in Canada, France, South Africa, the UK and USA. The twentieth-century resurgence of Islam in some parts of the world is graphically described by Ali Allawi as follows: Islam burst out of its confinement as an elemental, even inchoate force, flying in every direction and trying to seek its balance … Islam’s reappearance as a guiding principle in state and society obliged Muslims to confront a whole multitude of fundamental issues, which were covered up when the reins of power were in the hands of others. At the same time, these fundamental issues have had to be confronted in other societies, particularly in Western Europe, which have a growing Muslim population. Britain now has more than two million people of Muslim origin. A society which had become predominantly secular, in which, in the words of the Indian writer Milinda Banerjee, modernity itself had become a religion, has had to face the need to accommodate those whose religious adherence today is as proud and profound as at any time in history.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.426 | 0.253 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; the direct Gemma label and the distilled Codex classifier agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".