Старообрядчество на страницах православных периодических изданий середины XIX начала ХХ в

The middle of the 19th − beginning of the 20th centuries was the time of comprehension by historical science and public thought that the Old Belief requires most attentive studying. Therefore the given period became the time of the most multilateral and detailed scientific research of the Old Belief. The leading part in distribution of scientific knowledge about the Old Belief among readers belongs to ecclesiastic periodicals. The edition of church periodicals dates back to the first quarter of the 19th century. In 1821 the Metropolitan of St.-Petersburg and Novgorod Grigory (Postnikov) founded one of the spiritual journals, first in the country, − The Christian Reading, at St.-Petersburg Ecclesiastic Academy, thus starting official ecclesiastic journalism. Ecclesiastic journals, comprising both journalistic and art works, serious scientific researches, became an appreciable phenomenon in religious education in Russia. Wellknown church figures occupied the posts of editors of orthodox journals at that time. The church periodical press was popular with the reading public. Therefore, it is very important to define the role, the place, the value and the specificity of church periodicals in the Old Belief research. In the list of the orthodox periodicals containing scientific researches of the church split, were journals of general orientation: The Theological Bulletin (Sergiev Posad), The Christian Reading (St.-Petersburg), The Church Bulletin (St.-Petersburg), The Wanderer (St.Petersburg), The Ecclesiastic Reading (Moscow), The Instruction for Rural Pastors (Kiev); and those specialising directly on the split studying: The Brotherly Word (Moscow), The Orthodox Interlocutor (Kazan), The Orthodox Review (Moscow). Publishing materials on the split history, ecclesiastic journals kept the readers informed about modern events in the life of Old Believers; publication and distribution of proceedings of historians and theologians; some literary monuments of the Old Russian; spiritual poetry and prose. Missionary conversations with Old Believers, proceedings of Synod historians were published. Publishing houses of journals were engaged in the publication and distribution of books about the Old Belief. They were sent to ecclesiastic brotherhoods, consistories, private persons. The monuments of the Old Believers' book learning were also published. Thus, church journals, publishing proceedings of Synod researchers, making and printing lists of the new literature, being engaged in distribution of books, left an appreciable trace in distribution of scientific knowledge about the Old Belief, having transferred it from ecclesiastic academies directly to the reader. Orthodox periodicals left an outstanding trace in distribution of scientific knowledge, increase of cultural level of the reading audience.

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