Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Chad Bryant in Black: Nazi Rule and Czech Nationalism. Cambridge, Mass.,: Harvard University Press, 2007. xv, 378 pp. Illustrations. Maps. Notes. Index. $49.95, cloth.In this important book, Chad Bryant narrates a history of Czech experiences in the Nazioccupied Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia during World War II with the goal of explaining how those experiences contributed to the expulsion of three million from postwar Czechoslovakia. While readers will not find in it a local history of as the title suggests (the title comes from Jaroslav Seifert's poem Prague in Black [p. 369]), they will gain productive new avenues for thinking about how the Nazi occupation helped make the formerly multi-ethnic Bohemian lands almost purely Czech and set the stage for communist social leveling and dirigisme.Bryant's discussion of Nazi in the Protectorate is fascinating. Germanization policies there were never dictated by hard-and-fast theory or a plan that was fully formed in 1939. Instead of calling for the total elimination of all Czechs and their complete replacement with German settlers, Germanization sought to identify and change those Czechs who could be German. Bryant proves this policy evolved from pragmatic contingencies, including wartime economic and demographic realities, and interagency rivalries among Reich and Protectorate state actors. Karl Valentin MOller's revised theory gave ideological legitimacy to Nazi plans to make Czechs German. This German anthropology professor in overturned the argument that racial mixing brings decline, concluding that mixing made Czechs potential Germans (pp. 117-119).When discussing the brutal rule of Reinhard Heydrich from September 1940 until his assassination in May 1941, Bryant very insightfully contrasts Heydrich's ruthlessly implemented plans to kill all the Protectorate's Jews and Roma and his treatment of nonJewish Czechs, half of whom he wanted saved for Germanization. Heydrich started to prepare to make Czechs German by examining the Germanizability of individual Czechs. Among the book's many well-selected photos are two of test reports from a mixed Czech-German couple's marriage application (pp- 164-165). These photos show that the tests included physical examinations of posture, cranial shape, and hair and eye colour. Bryant points out, however, that [...] often it was non-physical characteristics that betrayed a German interior camouflaged in false Czech consciousness. Clean houses, spinning wheels, class, virility, sexual morality, and social behavior were criteria for membership (p. 159). After Heydrich's assassination, thousands of Czechs were executed and the village of Lidice was destroyed as retribution and an obedience lesson.Bryant seeks to understand the causal relationship between Nazi policies in the Protectorate and the postwar expulsions of millions of from restored Czechoslovakia. Members of UVOD (Central Leadership of Home Resistance [Ustfedni vedeni odbjoe domaciho]) first, and most fiercely called for total expulsion (p. 97). UVOD was formed in 1940 from the remnants of non-Communist resistance groups. It operated in the Protectorate, but kept close ties with the government-in-exile in London of former Czechoslovak President, Edvard BeneS. …
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».