Neisseria meningitidis carriage by age: a systematic review
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Objectives: Whilst the introduction of meningococcal serogroup C vaccine in 1999 has successfully reduced the number of cases of disease caused by this serogroup, meningococcal disease remains an important public health problem in the UK. Most cases of meningococcal disease in the UK are now caused by serogroup B and a number of promising vaccine candidates are in clinical trial. Infectious disease models can be used as tools to help identify the optimal introduction strategy for new vaccines. Due to the epidemiology of meningococcal meningitis, such models must take account of the transmission dynamics of the organism and require information on carriage by age. However, few recent large-scale carriage studies in all age groups have been undertaken in the UK due to logistic and cost reasons. The purpose of this systematic review was to obtain more robust estimates of carriage by age, which could be used within a transmission dynamic model of meningococcal disease. Methods: The databases EMBASE, Medline, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library were searched for papers reporting carriage of Neisseria meningitidis in defined age groups. Papers published after 1969 reporting on at least 100 individuals sampled/swabbed for meningococcal carriage in any language were included. Papers reporting studies from Africa, Asia and Russia , China and Japan were excluded due to thebecause the epidemiology of meningococcal disease is different epidemiology of meningococcal infection in these countries compared to the UK (e.g. i.e. predominance of large proportion of group A disease). Studies in among close contacts of a cases or in military personnel (with the exception of those sampled on day of entry) were also excluded. References of relevant and review papers were checked for additional studies. Results: After removing duplicates the search returned 1464 papers; after reviewing titles and abstracts, the full text was obtained for 242 papers. At the time of writing a number of foreign text papers were still being processed; the preliminary results presented here are for papers in English (n=177) identified in the initial search. Full results, including point estimates of carriage by age will be available for conference. [Will need to be changed] 40 papers satisfied the inclusion criteria reporting studies from 18 countries: Australia (1), Belgium (1), Canada (2), the Czech Republic (1), Denmark (2), Germany (1), Greece (4), Israel (1), Lebanon (1), the Netherlands (2), Norway (3), Poland (1), Saudi Arabia (1), Spain (3), Thailand (1), Turkey (1), the UK (12) and USA (2). There were 5 longitudinal studies and 29 papers providing carriage prevalence for more than one age or age range. Whilst there are large differences in carriage by age reported by individual studies, a general trend of low carriage prevalence in young children and older adults and increased carriage in teenagers and young adults can be seen (figure 1). Conclusion: Robust estimates of carriage prevalence by age are required to parameterise transmission dynamic models of meningococcal meningitis, which can inform vaccination schedule development. In the absence of a recent large-scale carriage study across all age groups in the UK, this systematic review provides estimates of carriage by age, which can be used for infectious disease modelling.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,004 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; les deux têtes enseignantes s’accordent sur ce qui est montré ici.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».