Representations of Poverty in Canada's Daily Press: An Exploratory Study of Contending Poverty Paradigms
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This thesis explores the ways in which Canadian poverty is represented in mainstream Canadian news media.The examination begins with the dominant poverty paradigms that characterize current poverty discourse.These paradigms, identified as Individual Responsibility, Structural Responsibility, and the Culture of Poverty, help to structure the ways that poverty has been and continues to be articulated.The paradigm of Individual Responsibility suggests that the individual is ultimately responsible for his or her own socio-economic conditions.The paradigm of Structural Responsibility suggests that various socio-economic structures are responsible for the creation of poverty and the subsequent management of the poor.The Culture of Poverty paradigm and its RightWing variant the Underclass suggest that due to isolation from the non-poor mainstream society, certain poor communities have developed a variety of specific and sometimes deviant characteristics and values that promote the reproduction of poverty within that community.This discussion is followed by a theoretical overview of representation, discourse, and the codes and techniques associated with the production of "objective" news.Here, this thesis discusses the importance of the inverted pyramid, frames of reference, primary definers, and constructed dichotomies.Finally, this thesis offers a content analysis of poverty articles as they appear over a 2-month period in The Vancouver Sun, The Vancouver Province, and The Globe and Mail, three largecirculation Canadian newspapers.Based upon this analysis, this thesis suggests that news media tend to reinforce beliefs associated with the paradigm of Structural Responsibility.This is due to such factors as news media's preference for official and institutional interpretations of events and issues, the prevalence of stories about particular institutions and structural decisions, the dominance of stories written by generalists trained to recognize and maximize general newsworthiness, and the prevalence of event-based coverage.recent coverage of the issue.Chapter 3 introduces the news study by establishing the representational function of news.It provides a theoretical overview of discourse, representation, and techniques associated with the "regime of objectivity" ' .Chapters 4 and 5 detail an analysis of news articles3 pertaining to poverty as they occur in three popular Canadian newspapers: the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, and the Globe and Mail.Chapter 4 outlines the general characteristics of the entire sample, with emphasis on general topic areas and news values, and their relationship to the poverty paradigms.Chapter 5 examines two artificially constructed weeks for the types of poverty reported, accessed sources, and presented causes, effects, and solutions.Based upon this analysis, the study reveals which, if any, of the poverty paradigms is favoured by news media and therefore dominate popular news discourse.2 The "regime of objectivity" is a useful term that refers to the processes and techniques associated with credible news reporting.It also reflects the understanding that all representation is subjective.It is a term used at length by Robert A. Hackett and Yuezhi Zhao (1998) in their book, Sustaining Democracy?Journalism and the Politics of Objectivity.3 This thesis is concerned with the representations of poverty in traditional news stories.These are stories, written in "inverted pyramid" format, demonstrate a clear attempt by the journalist to follow the "regime of objectivity" and to distance himlherself from the story.In this way, they are distinct from columns, editorials, and letters to the editor.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,005 | 0,020 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,015 | 0,029 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,024 | 0,013 |
| Communication savante | 0,019 | 0,005 |
| Science ouverte | 0,002 | 0,006 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».