Examining changes in caregiving during and after the Atlantic groundfish strategy in a select Newfoundland coastal community affected by the cod moratorium
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The purpose of this study was to compare informal caregivers in a coastal Newfoundland community during the fishery closure at two time periods: a) when The Atlantic Groundfish Strategy (TAGS), a federal government program that provided financial support for those affected was in place (phase 1) and b) after TAGS completion (phase 2). Method: This study involved secondary analysis of data collected during two time periods. The data were collected in the same geographic area at both times, using a randomly selected sample. The first set of data was collected in 1995-1997, during the first study, an interdisciplinary Eco-Research program entitled Sustainability in a Changing Cold-Ocean Coastal Environment, while individuals who were affected by the cod moratorium were receiving income support through TAGS. The second set of data was collected in 2001-2003, during the Natural Resources Depletion and Health study which was conducted after the TAGS program had been completed. The sample consisted of individuals who identified themselves as 1) main informal caregivers: caregivers of an adult(s) or child(ren) with a health problem and 2) elderly supporters: those providing an elderly relative over age 65 with assistance. Structured face-to-face interviews were conducted by trained local interviewers. Data were collected using a survey questionnaire (Appendix A) and the abbreviated General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) (Appendix B). Quantitative data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), windows version. The t-test was used for all continuous data and the non-parametric Chi-Square test was used for ordinal data. Descriptive statistics were also provided. -- Results: This study revealed that there was no change in the percentage of informal caregivers between phases, however, the proportion of elderly supporters decreased significantly during phase 2 (p = 0.008). The demographic characteristics of both phases showed that the majority of main informal caregivers were female (phase 1, 51.98%; phase 2, 56.18%) in their mid forties. In phase 2, employment increased for both main caregivers (p = 0.001) as well as elderly supporters (p = 0.027). The psychosocial health, measured by the abbreviated General Health Questionnaire, of both main informal caregivers and elderly supporters showed no significant change between both phases of the study. When comparing stress level at the time of the interviews with that of three years before the interviews, stress levels of main caregivers remained unchanged, however, stress levels of elderly supporters decreased significantly in phase 2 (p = 0.044). The perceived physical and mental health as well as life satisfaction of main caregivers and elderly supporters also improved in phase 2. Since informal caregiving in the Bonavista Headland was done mostly by women and although limitations exist in the study design, this research raises important questions about the health and well being of rural informal caregivers as well as the care recipients as the population of rural Newfoundland is aging much more rapidly than the rest of Canada. Furthermore, the results may have direct implications for nursing practice and policy development and provide support for the need for a more specific strategic plan to care for the elderly in this province and provide support for informal caregivers.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».