Verticillium wilt ( <i>Verticillium albo‐atrum</i> ) on <i>Medicago sativa</i> (alfalfa) in Iran
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
An outbreak of a wilt-like disease of alfalfa (lucerne) in the Markazi Province of Iran was investigated. Field symptoms during early growth stages typically consisted of V-shaped orange-pinkish necrotic areas on the leaflets. On severely affected shoots of more mature plants, leaflets were usually desiccated and twisted, forming spirals. Vascular browning could be seen in stem sections. Diseased stems remained erect and did not themselves become chlorotic until after all the leaves had lost their chlorophyll. New shoots on infected plants appeared normal at first but showed symptoms as they approached physiological maturity. These symptoms are very similar to those reported for verticillium wilt in alfalfa (Leath & Pennypacker, 1990). Verticillium albo-atrum was isolated from field-collected plant samples by plating surface-sterilized stem tissue onto water agar. The fungus was confirmed as the causal agent of the disease by inoculating lucerne plants by root dipping into conidial suspensions. Symptoms on inoculated plants were similar to those described above for field infections. Following amplification by PCR, the sequences of the complete ITS1/5.8S/ITS2 regions of the rRNA gene repeats for three isolates (GenBank accession numbers AY536044–6) were identical to that previously reported for the lucerne (L) pathotypes of V. albo-atrum (Barbara & Clewes, 2003). Although generally similar morphologically to V. albo-atrum, the resting mycelium produced in culture was paler than expected and without the torulose cells described previously (Hawksworth & Talboys, 1970). The source of the outbreak is unknown, but V. albo-atrum is known to be seedborne in alfalfa (Leath & Pennypacker, 1990) and may have been introduced to Iran by this means. Compared with the nonlucerne pathotype, the L pathotype of V. albo-atrum has a restricted host range and geographic distribution and generally causes only mild diseases in hosts other than alfalfa (Leath & Pennypacker, 1990). Verticillium wilt of alfalfa was first reported in Europe but has since been reported from the Unites States, Canada, New Zealand and Japan (Pegg & Brady, 2002). This is the first reported occurrence of verticillium wilt disease of alfalfa in Iran, or indeed anywhere in continental Asia. This particular wilt can be a severe disease in alfalfa and, should it become widespread in Iran, it could cause significant crop loss.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».