Stopping Heathrow Airport Expansion (For Now): Lessons from a Victory for the Politics of Sufficiency
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Résumé
AbstractA politics of sufficiency challenges the relentless expansion of production and consumption. It faces daunting obstacles in contemporary societies where macro-economic growth has come to be seen as imperative. However, when defined more narrowly, as a challenge to the growth of particular forms of economic activity, ideas of sufficiency have made some limited inroads. One significant example is the Conservative-led government's cancellation of the planned third runway at Heathrow airport in Britain. This represented a major victory for environmentalists and others who argued that aviation growth conflicted with Britain's carbon-reduction targets. The case sheds light on the conditions in which sufficiency-based policies can prevail today, notably through linkages with core political imperatives faced by states and political actors. In this case, a sufficiency approach became linked to the legitimacy needs of the Conservative Party at a key moment, while campaigners succeeded in casting doubt on claims that Heathrow expansion was economically imperative.Key Words: Sufficiencyclimate changeaviation Notes1 Interview, May 2007.2 Interview, May 2007.3 Steve Lott, quoted in Rosenthal (Citation2010).4 In addition, some empirical work has examined forms of sufficiency-based politics without explicitly referring to sufficiency, such as analysis of the discursive strategies of British campaigns against airport expansion (Griggs & Howarth, Citation2004, Citation2008, Citation2012).5 NIMBY stands for not-in-my-backyard.6 Originally, the Heathrow Association for the Control of Aircraft Noise.7 The airport operator, formerly known as the British Airports Authority.8 The report actually included some surprisingly radical criticism of economic growth and consumerism, a message that Cameron distanced himself from.9 Interview with Peter Lockley, Aviation Environment Federation, March, 2007.10 Villiers cited a study conducted for WWF that found that 89% of Financial Times Stock Exchange 350 companies expected to cut their number of flights in the next 10 years (Hansard, Citation2009).11 EM promises to reconcile the economic imperative with the still-emerging ecological imperative. However, as the case of aviation shows, the EM approach can be limited since adequate technological solutions are not available for all problems, a point that some EM theorists have acknowledged (Jänicke, Citation2008).
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| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
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| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
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