Notice bibliographique
Résumé
This article, written by Assistant Technology Editor Karen Bybee, contains highlights of paper SPE 97772, "Unlocking the Potential: A North Sea Heavy Oil Success Story," by J.J. Wylde, SPE, and G.D.M. Williams, SPE, Clariant Oil Services, and R.E. Cousins, BP plc, prepared for the 2005 SPE International Thermal Operations and Heavy Oil Symposium, Calgary, 1–3 November. The full-length paper details one of the newest producing fields in the North Sea, the West of Shetland development. Prestartup design and implementation challenges are described, as well as commissioning philosophy for the plant and chemical-injection facilities. Most of the full-length paper focuses on the first 6 months of production history, production-technology management, and how actual operation differed from the planned and designed specifications. Clair Field Background The Clair field is 40 miles west of the Shetland Islands and currently is produced from a single fixed platform in 460 ft of water. The field produces both oil and gas. The field produces 20°API crude with a 550 scf/bbl gas/oil ratio. The Clair reservoir extends over a 25×12.5-mile area in complex Devonian and Carboniferous units covering five license blocks. Current estimates of likely oil exceed 4 billion STB original oil in place (OOIP), making Clair the largest undeveloped hydrocarbon accumulation on the U.K. continental shelf and a key component of future U.K. production stategy. The Clair field was discovered in 1977. In the early 1990s, 3D-seismic data were acquired over the whole field, and two wells were drilled in 1991 and 1992. Although demonstrating commercial flow rates, the wells were not produced for sufficiently long to provide confidence in long-term reservoir performance. In 1996, an extended performance test was conducted on Well 206/8-10z in the core area. Flowing at an average rate of 10,000 B/D for 23 days, with a 18.5-B/D peak, the well performance changed the perception of the Clair reservoir by demonstrating sustainable crude-oil delivery. Because of its extent, the Clair field is to be produced as a phased development. The first phase builds on the successful 1996 well test and targets development of the Core, Graben, and Horst areas. The reservoir is divided into nine fault-bounded segments having a common free-water level and 1,969-ft maximum oil column. A gas cap is present in the structurally elevated ridge segments. The reservoir depth is 6,070 ft true vertical depth subsurface, and initial reservoir pressure was 2,736 psi with a 151°F temperature. Work is continuing to define this first development. The challenge for Clair is understanding the issues of reservoir deliverability, well productivity, and managing the cost base while achieving a sustainable development. Clair will be the third West of Shetland development, following Foinaven and Schiehallion.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».