Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The licensure of new vaccines in 2001 in Canada means that pneumococcal and group C meningococcal infections can be added to the list of vaccine-preventable diseases. The successful control of these two diseases will require all provincial and territorial governments in Canada to add the new vaccines to their routine immunization programs. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common cause of bacterial infections in children. During the past 50 years, approximately 500,000 cases of pneumococcal disease and 200 to 400 cases of meningococcal disease have occurred annually in Canada. Although all age groups are affected, the peak for both bacteria incidence is in infants younger than two years of age. The new vaccines consist of either seven pneumococcal polysaccharides or the group C meningococcal polysaccharide covalently bound to a carrier protein. Both vaccines are very safe. Local reactions occur in 10% to 20% of recipients, but are mild and last only one to two days. Fever, irritability and other general adverse events are not increased in frequency or severity by giving either of these conjugate vaccines at the same time as diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis or diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-inactivated-Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine. The pneumococcal and meningococcal conjugate vaccines are highly immunogenic at all ages, including infancy. More importantly, the vaccines also induce immune memory so that protection is expected to last many years, if not for life. The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine is 97% effective in preventing bacteremia and meningitis. The meningococcal conjugate vaccine is also very effective. Within nine months of starting routine vaccination in England and Wales, the frequency of group C disease decreased by 97% in vaccinated adolescents and by 92% in infants and toddlers. The lack of an effective vaccine against group B meningococci is an important defect in the control of meningococcal disease. When an effective vaccine is developed against group B strains, bacterial meningitis in children may join diphtheria, tetanus, H influenzae type b and polio as diseases of the past. Sometimes parents, physicians and the general public forget or take for granted how far paediatric medicine has come, particularly in areas such as childhood immunization and infectious diseases. Canadians need to remember the legacy of the gifts of health and longevity given to us by previous generations of physicians and scientists. This column will recognize these accomplishments and, hopefully, will remind us of our good fortune. As physicians who care for Canadian children, we are very grateful for the many medical achievements of the past. That is why the editorial board members of Paediatrics & Child Health have launched the column, “Lessons Learned”, to recognize these accomplishments.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,026 | 0,009 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».