Effect Of Exercise And Carbohydrate Intake On Cytokine Levels In Girls At Various Maturational Stages
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Exercise and carbohydrate (CHO) effects on cytokine changes in men, and to a lesser extent in women, are well described in the literature. However, there is a paucity of data describing such effects in girls. We previously reported differences in cytokine responses to exercise between boys and men, and hypothesized similar age-related differences in females. PURPOSE To determine the effects of high-intensity cycling and CHO intake on cytokine levels in girls. METHODS Thirteen 12-yr-old (YOUNG) and eleven 14-yr-old (OLD) girls participated. The older girls were taller (mean ± SD; 1.63 ± 0.05 vs. 1.57±0.07 m), heavier (58.3 ± 4.8 vs. 45.8 ± 7.8 kg), more advanced in pubertal development (2.9 ± 0.9 vs. 3.8 ± 0.6 for Tanner (T) staging of breast development), and had a higher % body fat (22.9 ± 5.2 vs. 18.1 ± 6.7 %). The two groups were matched for VO2max (51.7 ± 6.2 vs. 50.5 ± 4.3 mL−1 kg fat free mass1' min−1). On two occasions, each girl cycled for 60 min at 70% VO2max while intermittently drinking a 6% CHO drink or flavored water (FW). Venous blood samples were taken at rest (PRE), immediately after exercise (POST) and after 60 min of recovery (REC) to determine interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8 and TNF-α with R&D ELISA kits, reported as pg/mL. Estradiol levels at rest were also measured with RIA. RESULTS A main effect for exercise indicated higher IL-6 levels at POST and REC compared with PRE. Post-hoc analysis of a group × trial × time interaction indicated that the IL-6 level at REC in FW was higher in OLD (3.9 ± 2.9) compared with YOUNG (1.9 ± 1.1). However, when IL-6 was analyzed according to pubertal status, this interaction disappeared. A main effect for exercise indicated higher IL-8 levels at POST (6.2 ± 3.5) and REC (8.7 ± 4.3) compared with PRE (4.4 ± 1.9) and at REC compared with POST. When IL-8 was analyzed according to pubertal status, a post-hoc analysis of a group × time interaction revealed that IL-8 increased at POST compared with PRE in T3, but not T2 or T4-5. However, REC levels were higher than PRE in T2 and T4-5, but not T3. CHO had more of an impact on the IL-6 than the IL-8 response to exercise. There was no effect of exercise, CHO, age, or pubertal status on TNF-α levels, which remained at ∼1.0 pg/mL. All correlation analyses were performed on values from FW and revealed that resting estradiol levels were not related to REC levels of IL-6 (r=−0.01, p=0.95), but were significantly related to REC IL-8 (r=0.43, p=0.04). CONCLUSION These results indicate a differential response of IL-6 and IL-8 to high-intensity exercise in girls, which may be associated with maturity status. Supported by the Gatorade Sports Science Institute.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».