Effects of cultivar, agronomic practices, geographic location, and meteorological conditions on the composition of selected <i>Fusarium</i> species on wheat heads
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Wheat (Triticum aestivum) heads showing typical fusarium head blight symptoms were sampled two to four weeks after anthesis in 2004, 2005, and 2006. Samples (n = 916) were taken from the susceptible wheat cultivar 'Ritmo' and the moderately susceptible 'Buteo' and 'Dekan', from fungicide-free control plots at 6 to 13 locations per year between the North and Baltic seas. The presence of four Fusarium species (Gibberella zeae, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium poae, and Fusarium avenaceum) in these samples was surveyed using (i) genus and (ii) species-specific primers in PCR assays. Higher frequencies of G. zeae and F. avenaceum were observed in 'Ritmo' compared with 'Buteo', and lower frequencies of F. culmorum were observed in 'Dekan' compared with 'Buteo'. Tillage (ploughing vs. other tillage methods) and previous crops (wheat vs. dicotyledonous crops) had no significant effect on the Fusarium species composition ('Ritmo', P ≥ 0.07). Average leaf wetness between May and the middle of July, as well as during the 10 days flanking the approximate date of anthesis, was positively correlated to relative frequencies of G. zeae (R > 0.44, P ≤ 0.04), but negatively correlated to relative detection frequencies of F. culmorum (R < –0.47, P ≤ 0.02). Temperature, precipitation, and relative humidity during the same periods of time did not influence the detection frequencies observed for any of the species. Overall, the most frequently detected species was G. zeae (41%), with decreasing relative frequencies from the southeast to the northwest of the area surveyed. Fusarium poae, F. culmorum, and F. avenaceum were detected in 12%, 9%, and 13% of the samples, respectively. The presence of one, two, three, or four species co-inhabiting wheat heads was encountered at frequencies of 57%, 19%, 2%, and 0%, respectively. Gibberella zeae and F. culmorum were mainly detected alone, whereas F. poae and F. avenaceum were mainly detected in combination with other species. Relative frequencies of PCR amplicons specific for the genus Fusarium were positively correlated to the deoxynivalenol (DON) content of the grain (R = 0.685, P ≤ 0.0001). The correlation between the percent of samples containing F. poae and the DON content was negative (R = –0.45, P = 0.036). The results of this study indicate that tillage and previous crop may affect the severity of Fusarium epidemics, but they do not change the species composition significantly. In contrast, wheat genotype and leaf wetness affected the spectrum of Fusarium species on wheat heads in a selective manner, and, hence, these factors might also be expected to have an impact on the spectrum of mycotoxins in wheat grain.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».