Occurrence of Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 in feces from cows seropositive for brucellosis
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Bovine brucellosis is an infectious disease of worldwide importance, usually caused by Brucella abortus, less frequently by B. melitensis, and occasionally by B. suis. Several countries in northern and central Europe, Canada, Japan, Australia, and New Zealand are believed to be free from the agent (10). According to Directive 64/432/EEC, Poland, like most other countries of the European Union, is recognized as “officially free from bovine brucellosis”, and it obtained this status in 2009 (3, 5). Nevertheless, cattle herds have to be monitored for potential re-emergence of the disease. The main role in these examinations is played by serological tests. All animals monitored for brucellosis are tested by the Rose Bengal test, and all positives undergo a further examination with the use of the serum agglutination test (SAT) and the complement fixation test (CFT). Further examination also involves the 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-Me), the Coombs antiglobulin test (Coombs), and the indirect ELISA. All animals classified as serologically positive by the National Reference Laboratory for Brucellosis (NRL) are obligatorily slaughtered and subjected to bacteriological examination. In addition, this kind of examination is performed in cases of abortions. The results of surveys show that B. abortus has not been reported in Poland since the eradication of bovine brucellosis in 1980. On the other hand B. suis is sporadically isolated from cattle (13). When specimens from 176 seropositive cows slaughtered in 2002-2011 were cultured for the isolation of Brucella, in 5 cases B. suis biovar 2 was isolated. In cattle, the infection caused by this biovar appears to be a noncontagious disease with limited induced pathology and no induction of abortion, but antibody response cannot be readily differentiated from that caused by an infection with B. abortus (4, 6, 11). However, the origin of the vast majority of positive serological results for brucellosis in cows is still unknown. Since some of these results can be regarded as false positive serological reactions (FPSR) related to Yersinia enterocolitica O:9, the Chief Veterinary Officer ordered that feces samples from slaughtered animals be examined for the presence of this microorganism in order to assess the scale of this phenomenon (1). Since 2011 these examinations have been performed by the NRL. The paper presents the results of bacteriological and molecular research for the presence of Y. enterocolitica O:9 in feces and in supramammary lymph nodes from cows slaughtered because of positive serological results for brucellosis. Occurrence of Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 in feces from cows seropositive for brucellosis
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».