Solids Distribution in Hydrotransport Process
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Extraction process of bitumen from the oil sand ore must undergo an evolutionary change, as the mine sites farther away from the plant site must be developed in the future. At present the processes that breakup the lumps, liberate the bitumen from the sand grain and to some extent aerate the bitumen take place in the traditional rotating drum digester. As the distance between the plant site and the mine site is forced to increase, transportation of the ore by conveyor belt is not feasible and alternate technologies must be developed. Hydrotransport is one such technology in which a slurry of the ore is transported over long distance from the mine site to the extraction plant site. In the alternate technologies, the process of liberating and aerating the bitumen are to take place in the hydrotransport pipeline to some extent. While the total energy required to accomplish these steps can in principal be provided in the hydrotransport technology, and the industry is identifying the operating parameters of such a facility, it is becoming clear that the residence time of the slurry in the pipeline is significantly higher than in the traditional digester which introduces some new problems. In the proposed research, we are investigating the relationships between the solids content in the froth and the conditions (or environment) that produces the froth. We are designing a novel experimental setup in which we can control the shear environment. We plan to measure the solids content in both the bitumen and the aqueous phase as a function of controlled shear rate, the residence time of the mixture in the experimental cell, and the initial solids distribution between the aqueous and oleic phases. Introduction Traditional characterization of multiphase flows in pipelines entails, (a) mapping the flow structure (e.g. homogeneous flow, slug flow, core annular flow, bubble flow etc, (b) relating macroscopic quantities like pressure drop vs flow rate relationship as a function of flow structure, amounts of each phase, diameter and inclination of the pipe etc., (c) characterizing the microstructure of the dispersed phases (like the equilibrium size of droplets or bubbles), and (d) measuring the spatial variation of concentration of different phases (particularly for transport in the horizontal direction where density stratification can cause significant operational problems). Items (a) and (b) have been looked at in sufficient detail for two-phase flow situations while (c) and (d) have not been looked at such great details. SCOPE OF PRESENT WORK In the present work, we are focusing on the effect of shear, chemical and thermal environment on the distribution of solids (both fine and coarse solids) between the aqueous and oleic phases and on the mechanisms of bitumen liberation. There is very little information on the amount of solids engulfed by the bitumen in a shear environment, typically encountered in hydrotransport technology. Traditional multiphase flow measurements such as the pressure drop-flow rate relationships, flow maps etc of three-phase flows in pipelines are equally important, but they will be conducted under a separate NSERC strategic grant project joint with Dr. Masliyah.
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Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».