Isolation and Identification of Enterobacteriaceae from Raw Horsemeat intended for Human Consumption (Basashi)
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The status of Enterobacteriaceae contamination was investigated in a total of 131 samples of raw horsemeat (Basashi) intended for human consumption purchased from a general meat shop or by mail-order from October 2012 to December 2013. The bacteria were isolated from 105 of the 112 samples (93.8%). Prominent differences in the isolation rate due to the place of manufacture/sale or by the cut of the meat were not observed. Moreover, in a comparison between domestic (92.6%) and imported (100%) samples, the isolation rate was slightly higher in the imported samples. When Enterobacteriaceae isolated from raw horsemeat was identified, it was highly diverse, with 14 species identified in total. From among these species, Hafnia alvei was the most common, with 33 strains (19.8%),followed by 27 strains (16.2%) of Klebsiella pneumoniae and 26 strains (15.6%) of Enterobacter cloacae, indicating that these three species were dominant. A trend was observed, with the dominant strain differing depending on the place of manufacture/sale or the cut of the meat. H. alvei was isolated at an especially high frequency from imported samples. An investigation was carried out regarding raw horsemeat intended for human consumption from Yamanashi Prefecture and Canada, regularly purchased from one store in Kanagawa Prefecture. Enterobacteriaceae were isolated during five of nine (55.6%） trials, in which the isolated bacteria were H. alvei, K. pneumoniae, etc. Moreover, they were isolated at a very high isolation rate of seven among 10 trials for the Canadian meat, and H. alvei was the most commonly isolated bacteria. Accordingly, when an investigation was carried out regarding the differences in the strain level in the six isolates of H. alvei periodically isolated from raw horsemeat from Canada by the pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern using a restriction enzyme, SfiI, there was a possibility that these were the same H-38 strain (November 2013) and H-64 strain (April 2014) as well as the same H-104 strain (July 2014) and H-131 strain (December 2014). As mentioned above, it has been demonstrated that a variety of Enterobacteriaceae were isolated from raw horsemeat (Basashi) intended for human consumption, and at a high frequency. Moreover, based on the fact that the same species or strain was chronologically isolated, the possibility of contamination by the same contamination source at different times was suggested.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».