Effect of holding temperature, shackling, sex, and age on broiler breast meat quality
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Antemortem holding temperature and flapping can affect broiler pectoralis major (referred to as p. major) meat quality. The influence of environmental temperature 12 to 14 h before processing and antemortem handling on p. major functional properties and color was tested at multiple processing ages in a 3 × 2 × 5 factorial design study. At 28, 35, 42, 49, and 56 d of age, mixed-sex broilers were crated and held in one of 3 target temperature treatments: heat (30°C), thermoneutral (21°C), or cool (7°C). Following feed withdrawal, birds were transported to a processing facility where either a long (120 s) or short (<10 s) shackling treatment was imposed. Sex was determined at processing. Lightness, redness, and yellowness values were measured at deboning [4.50 to 8.25 h postmortem (PM)] and at 24 h PM. Ultimate pH was measured at 24 h PM. Drip loss, cook loss, and Allo-Kramer shear force were determined at 72 h PM. Ultimate pH was highest in the cool treatment, with no difference between heat and thermoneutral treatments (5.97 vs. 5.87 and 5.90, respectively; P = 0.0004). Ultimate pH correlated negatively with drip loss (r = -0.47; P < 0.0001). Drip loss was lowest in the cool treatment, with no difference between the heat and thermoneutral treatments (2.06 vs. 2.24 and 2.19%, respectively; P = 0.007). The p. major from broilers in the heat treatment had higher Allo-Kramer shear force values than those in both the thermoneutral and cool treatments (4.64 kg/g vs. 4.21 and 4.21 kg/g, respectively; P = 0.023). With the exception of 49 d, broilers subjected to the long shackling treatment had higher redness values at deboning than broilers subjected to the short shackling treatment; by 24 h PM only the 28-d broilers subjected to the long shackling treatment had higher redness values. Higher hue angles at deboning and 24 h PM were observed in the short treatment compared with the long treatment (65.58 vs. 57.46 and 68.48 vs. 63.31, respectively; P < 0.0001), indicating that p. major from long-shackled broilers were redder in appearance. Ultimate pH was lower in female broilers than in male broilers (5.87 vs. 5.96, respectively; P < 0.0001) and subsequent drip loss was higher in females compared with males (2.34 vs. 1.99%, respectively; P < 0.0001). Although temperature and handling before slaughter affected p. major color and texture traits, the differences may not be large enough to have commercial significance. Differences in p. major quality attributable to sex of the bird may have greater commercial significance than previously reported.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».