P1-S1.13 Heterogeneity of the HIV epidemic in the general population of Karnataka state, India
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background In the context of AVAHAN—The India AIDS Initiative of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, general population surveys (GPS) have been carried out in three Karnataka districts in India. Given the north-south gradient already observed in HIV prevalence in antenatal population in Karnataka districts, we analysed data from three such surveys to detect heterogeneity. The three districts analysed here are Belgaum (Northern Karnataka), Bellary (middle of the state) and Mysore (Southern Karnataka). Methods We conducted a comparative analysis of these three GPS conducted between 2005 and 2007. Subjects were selected using a two-stage cluster sampling design with equal number of rural and urban participants, and of men and women, with a target sample size of 6000 per district. Questionnaires on socio-demographic factors and HIV risk behaviour were administered. Blood samples were tested for HIV, syphilis and HSV-2 antibodies, whereas urine samples were tested for gonorrhoea and chlamydia using nucleic acid amplification tests. A descriptive analysis of prevalence of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) was conducted according to age, district and place of residence (rural/urban). Results Abstract P1-S1.13 table 1 shows HIV prevalence per district according to gender and place of residence. Belgaum had the highest overall HIV and HSV-2 prevalence (16.9%) and the lowest prevalence of curable STIs (Chlamydia—0.38%; Syphilis—0.42%) among the three districts. Women in Belgaum had a higher HIV prevalence (OR=2.16, 95% CI—1.02 to 4.58) compared to women in Mysore. The HIV epidemic in Belgaum is predominantly rural and among women. In Bellary, it is predominantly urban and among men. Mysore had the lowest prevalence of HIV and HSV-2 (10.9%) and the highest prevalence of curable STIs (Chlamydia—1.05%; Syphilis—1.38%) among the three districts. There were only six cases of gonorrhoea in total (five in Mysore and one in Bellary). Abstract P1-S1.13 Table 1 Gender specific prevalence of HIV by district and place of residence Place of residence Belgaum % (95% CI) Bellary % (95% CI) Mysore % (95% CI) All total 1.43 (0.86 to 2.01) 1.18 (0.74 to 1.62) 0.80 (0.50 to 1.09) Males 1.28 (0.51 to 2.06) 1.24 (0.70 to 1.78) 0.98 (0.45 to 1.52) Females 1.58 (0.94 to 2.23) 1.13 (0.59 to 1.66) 0.65 (0.28 to 1.02) Urban total 0.63 (0.18 to 1.09) 1.36 (0.65 to 2.07) 0.94 (0.49 to 1.39) Urban males 0.69 (0.25 to 1.12) 1.64 (0.71 to 2.56) 1.06 (0.35 to 1.78) Urban females 0.58 (0.00 to 1.16) 1.12 (0.37 to 1.86) 0.84 (0.34 to 1.35) Rural total 1.69 (0.90 to 2.49) 1.05 (0.46 to 1.64) 0.71 (0.31 to 1.10) Rural males 1.48 (0.41 to 2.55) 0.97 (0.29 to 1.65) 0.93 (0.13 to 1.74) Rural females 1.90 (1.01 to 2.79) 1.13 (0.34 to 1.93) 0.51 (0.00 to 1.05) *All figures in weighted percentages, 95% CI. Conclusion The HIV epidemic in Karnataka shows considerable heterogeneity. This analysis validates the observed north-south gradient. The sex work structure in these three districts might explain the heterogeneity of the HIV epidemic in these three districts. Higher prevalence of HIV and HSV-2 and lower prevalence of curable STIs in Belgaum suggests a late epidemic phase. Mysore may have an early phase epidemic with higher prevalence of curable STIs.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».