Potential environmental introduction of unapproved GM crop species in the Netherlands
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Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Carum carvi, caraway (karwij)GMO: No GM caraway known.Import: No specified import data are available.Grouped import data (anise, badian [star anise], fennel, coriander, cumin or caraway; juniper berries) 27,538 tons of seeds per year on average over the last 3 years.Largest exporting countries are India, Syria, Turkey, Egypt and China. Malus domestica, apple (appel)GMO: No commercial GMOs known.Several field trials in Europe and in the USA.Import: 901,339 tons of fresh apples on average over the last 3 years.Major exporting countries are Chile, New Zealand, South Africa, Argentina, Brazil, China, Macedonia and USA.In the US, field trials took place between 1991-2008 and commercial exploitation can be expected on the mid-term.Remarks: Apple is often inoculated on rootstocks.Seeds from apple do not contain the genetic capacity of the rootstock it was inoculated on. Daucus carota, carrot (peen)GMO: No commercial GMOs known.Several field trials in the Netherlands (before 2000) and in the USA (before 2002).Import: No specified import data are available.Grouped import data (carrots, turnips, salad beetroot, salsify (=schorseneren), celeriac, radishes and similar edible roots, fresh or chilled): 49,856 tons per year on average over the last 3 years.Largest exporting countries are Turkey, Israel, Australia, Syria, Morocco, USA and China. Prunus avium, cherry (kers)GMO: No commercial GMOs known.Several field trials in Italy and Canada (before 1999) Import: No import data are available; Cichorium intybus, chicory (cichorei/witlof) GMO: RM3-3, RM3-4, RM3-6.Several field trials in Europe and the USA.Import: 14,861 tons (categorised in a group including bulbs, tubers, tuberous roots, corms, crowns and rhizomes, dormant in growth or in flower; Chicory plants and roots) per year on average over the last 3 years.Largest exporting countries are Brazil, Chile, New Zealand, Taiwan, Israel, China and South Africa.15,018 tons of "lettuce and chicory (including endive), fresh or chilled" was imported on average over the last three years.Exporting countries are Tunisia, Morocco, Egypt, USA, Chile and Turkey.Remarks: Radicchio Rosso Trifolium pratense, red clover (rode klaver) GMO: No commercial GMOs known.Import: No specified import data are available.Trifolium repens, white clover (witte klaver) GMO: Field evaluation of genetically modified white clover, resistant to infection by Alfalfa Mosaic Virus in Australia (2004-current).Import: No specified import data are available. Linum usitatissimum, flax, linseed (vlas, lijnzaad)GMO: FP967 (CDC-FL1-2).Cultivation allowed in USA and Canada.In Canada, GM flaxseed has been not cultivated to date.Import: 558,604 tons (seed) per year on average over the last 3 years.Largest exporting countries are Canada (436,444/558,604 tons), USA (63,032/558,604 tons), Russia, Argentina, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, China, Belarus and Norway.CA and US both produce GM-flax that is not allowed in the EU. Cannabis sativa, hemp (hennep)GMO: No commercial GMOs known.Import: (Illegal) import is currently not monitored.Remarks: Marihuana used for consumption is widely exported to Europe.For obvious reasons, seeds that are in these shipments are actively used for home-grown production.Fibre hemp is mainly imported without viable seeds.Lactuca sativa, lettuce (sla) GMO: No commercial GMOs known.Several field trials in Italy and France (1995-2000) and USA and Japan (1992-2005).Import: Due to the nature of lettuce, the exporting countries probably lie within Europe.15,018 tons of "lettuce and chicory (including endive), fresh or chilled" was imported on average over the last three years.Exporting countries are Tunisia, Morocco, Egypt, USA, Chile and Turkey
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle