De la reconnaissance mutuelle et publique des professionnelsde la communication

On mutual and public recognition of the professional communicators This contribution aims to examine how professional communicators seek recognition in different segments and areas of practice and performance. We know how functionalist sociology, particularly in north america, is attentive to the way professionals build legitimacy and competitively position themselves. in short, the "professional" depends largely on extensive training culminating in certification, but must also rely on the protection - at least symbolically - of corporatist organizations (associations and unions), which help formalize professional ethics. Our goal here is not to interpret these markers as exclusive and unambiguous tokens of professionalism, but very differently, to interpret them as signs of professionalization understood as the process of permanent negotiation between "segments" of the profession. the deontic apparatus, which serves the professionalization within the multiplicity of jobs in sectors, fields and multiple functions, also builds the recognition of associations, unions and other representatives who claim legitimacy. Beyond the deontic documentary corpus of professional codes, references, charts and other events, we want to discuss (and confront) how professional groups contribute to regulate their internal and external professions and reference functions.this research is part of an international program led from within French-speaking Belgium, France and Canada. Conduct in partnership with communication practitioners, this contribution invites engagement in the dynamic analysis of a professionalization disputed by many professional representative bodies in different rhetorical modes (legal, ethical, activist, casuistry, etc.,) and services offered to business (publishing, events, training, consulting, etc). The first phase of the research is to update the dynamic positioning of professional associations who take and/or claim an interest in the structuring and the development of activities, functions, occupations or skills in the field of communication. We will defend the hypothesis that the forms of engagement and action in the sphere of professional associations vary according to their interpretation (through their representatives and spokesmen) of what is commonly called professionalization. It will therefore abandon - temporarily - the definitions and analytical frameworks of professionalism as forged (Chapoulie, 1973 ; abbot, 1988) and evolved (Strauss, 1992; Dubar & tripier, 1998 ; Champy, 2011) by the sociology of professions, to let emerge the various figures or representations that complement or oppose the speech of the representative associations at the national level of specialized players in communication.the methodology of this phase of the research is based on a qualitative field investigation with protocol common to researchers in the three countries involved. Four main fields of intervention of professional communicators were selected for the exploratory stage : 1) public relations and corporate communications ; 2) public communication and territorial communication ; 3) internal communication and social communication ; 4) and marketing communication. From a group of professional associations identified in these segments (thirty French, Belgian and Quebec national associations in total), fifteen in-depth interviews lasting one to two hours each were conducted in pairs of researchers, with sitting presidents, former presidents and general secretaries, on the basis of a semi-structured framework guiding exchanges. Four themes were explored : 1) the rationale, reasons for positioning changes and evolutions of the associations ; 2) perceived issues and terms of engagement of the association in the professionalization of their members ; 3) the relationship, expected or not, with those involved in the production and dissemination of knowledge in iCt ; and 4) both personal and institutional trajectories of the representatives of associations, as well as their involvement with regard to mutual and public recognition of group members. this phase of investigation, still being deployed in Spring 2012, involves the contribution of nearly fifteen Belgian, French and Canadian faculty members and a doctoral student, mostly in iCt but also in political science and sociology.The first results of analysis show the variety, the diversity of conceptions around professionalization, as well as the terms or variables involved. We will outline a typology of organizations based on different representations that can be both polarized towards the mastery of knowledge and a figure of the expert capable of mobilizing specific skills in daily communication, as the construction of a position supported by ethical ideals of integrity, neutrality and embodied in a moral figure of the professional. Performed in the speeches of presidents and association spokesmen, these significant figures and representations help orient initiatives to support or guide professionals through the services provided to them, and also influence the policies and more institutional commitments in the fight for recognition. it is noteworthy, that there are rarely unions in communication, even though they would advocate explicitly for the same occupational group. Knowing that the communication professions are multiple and irreducible to one branch of economic, social or cultural activity, this perhaps indicates incomplete professionalization.

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