Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The International Geological Congress (IGC), originally the International Congress of Geologists, was founded on August 25, 1876, at the 25th Meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, held in Buffalo, New York. The founding committee was composed of participants from the USA and Canada, with the addition of two geologists from Sweden and The Netherlands. Why did it take so many years after its establishment for the countries represented in the founding committee to host the IGC, beginning with the 5th IGC, held in Washington D.C. in 1893? The answer may be in documents, which point to the idea of the IGC originating from Giovanni Capellini as a result of his journeys in Europe and North America, especially through discussions with his French and Swiss friends. Capellini was the first titular chair of geology funded by the new-born Italian state in Bologna. European travels reinforced Capellini’s intention to create a great geological museum designed to store types and standards of fossils, rocks, lithic tools, and materials used for geological mapping, mining exploration, land planning, and improving agriculture. His long geological travel through North America in 1863 allowed Capellini to convey to many North American geologists his conviction that there was need for an international forum to reach a wide agreement on stratigraphy, palaeontology and mapping. During his 1863 trip, Capellini became a friend of three future members of the IGC founding committee and familiar with two others through common acquaintances. Perhaps, the Italian-French group of leading figures who first conceived of the IGC asked their North American colleagues to make a proposal from abroad. This same successful procedure of an ‘outside’ request was followed in founding the International Congress of Anthropology and pre-Historical Archaeology in 1865. The idea came from French scientists who confidentially asked Capellini to found the congress and suggested to hold the first session in Neuchâtel in 1866 and the second in Paris in 1867. This then may be the key to understanding why the first four IGCs were held in France, Italy, Germany, and UK before one took place in the USA where the IGC was founded.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,002 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».