Pre-slaughter intervention by vaccination of cattle - new approach to reduce risk of meat contamination by foodborne pathogens, and consequently reduce incidence of human disease and economical burden*
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
A b s t r a c t: Enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is an important zoonotic pathogen of humans. It is a commonly found fecal coliform bacterium present in the intestine of ruminants, from where it is frequently shed into the environment. Cattle are the main reservoir of E. coli O157. Whilst causing no disease in cattle, exposure of humans to very few bacteria (10 or fewer) is responsible for major outbreaks of hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) throughout the world. The most common mode of transmission of E. coli O157 to the human population is by consumption of contaminated food, which accounts for 61% of human illness. The United States Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; 2008) reported that consumption of beef products and produce (including fruits and vegetables) was a significant mode of transmission, accounting for 45% and 34% of food borne illnesses respectively. In addition to the foodborne mode of transmission, drinking contaminated water accounted for 15% of all cases of human illness associated with E. coli O 157. In Canada approximately 26 000 people become ill each year because of exposure to E. coli O157. Traditionally, work has focused on improving cattle meat safety through the implementation of post-harvest antimicrobial treatments. However for effective disease control in human populations, which are susceptible to E. coli O157 arising from not only contaminated beef, but contaminated produce, drinking water and direct contact, it becomes apparent that a comprehensive ‘One Health’ initiative is probably the most suitable approach to control or eliminate the amount of pathogens that enter our environment. This approach identifies and evaluates the connections between animals, human and environmental domains. The value of this approach is demonstrated by the data from CDC which estimates that three-quarters of all new and emerging diseases are zoonotic. Presently, E. coli O157, and several other enteric pathogens found in livestock including Salmonella, and Campylobacter jejuni, found in sheep, cattle swine and poultry, and Yershinia enterocolitica found in swine contribute to the estimated 79 million people in the United States that become ill after consuming food contaminated with pathogens. An on-farm vaccination strategy is one of the best methods to reduce the prevalence of E. coli O157 both within in its primary host and the general environment. The focus of this manuscript is to describe E. coli O157, the central role of cattle in disseminating E. coli O157 in the environment, and the rational for the development and implementation of an efficacious pre-harvest vaccination strategy using a fully licensed vaccine.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,005 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».