Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The purpose of this paper is to study the social anxiety and the gender conception of the British middle class in the Edwardian era in James Barrie’s play Peter Pan. It has been generally accepted that this work is a fantasy of imagination and a fairy tale. However, Barrie’s five-act play reflects a variety of social atmospheres of the time when it was written. As industrial technologies evolved following industrialization, they brought about radical changes in British society. This particularly affected the middle class, located between the upper and working classes, by generating financial and social instability for them. The Darling House, the place where the story begins, and the Darling family represent the anxious middle class of the time. Mr. Darling is anonymous at work and known only by his stool; he is even compared to a postage stamp. He has already become a part of the technology of industrialization. At home, he often tries to confirm that he is the breadwinner and the protector of the family. However, his lack of a central role in his house shows that he is a failed breadwinner as well as a patriarchal child. It has been a theatrical convention that Captain Hook was played by the actor performing the role of Mr. Darling. Hook is an alter ego of Mr. Darling, who satisfied the male audience’s desire to become characters of strong masculinity, in contrast to their own. In addition, Peter Pan, who wouldn’t grow up, is a symbol of impossible longing for freedom from social responsibility, masculinity and even time. It is well known that the Victorians and Edwardians tried to seek refuge from the rapidity with which social and economic change was taking place. For the middle class, home and family was the most important refuge. This cult of domesticity epitomized the concept of the ideal woman who is feminine, pure, maternal and asexual. By contrast, the lower class women were regarded as common, emotionally active and even sensual. Peter Pan depends on stereotypes of this dual conception of femininity of the era. Mrs. Darling and Wendy represent the middle class housewife and daughter, while Tinker Bell and Tiger Lily represent the lower class outcasts. In addition, it is claimed that the imperialistic desire of the British society was transmitted to the depiction of Tiger Lily. Barrie tried to present the British audience of the Edwardian era with a fantasy to temporarily free them from the pressures of reality. However, it was only a male fantasy to satisfy the male audience, which furthered the biased gender conception of the period. The play revealed the ideology of the Edwardian atmosphere. It means that Barrie was one of the typical British middle class men who lived in the beginning of the 20 th century, even though he had intense aspirations toward Neverland himself.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,004 | 0,004 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; les deux têtes enseignantes s’accordent sur ce qui est montré ici.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».