Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Barefoot Doctors and Western Medicine in China, by Xiaoping Fang. Rochester, University of Rochester Press, 2012. xii, 310 pp. $90.00 US (doth). During decade-long Cultural Revolution from 1966 to 1976, rural experienced a remarkable improvement in public health conditions despite nationwide political chaos. This improvement, according to author Xiaoping Fang, is attributed to doctor (chijiao yisheng) program--a radical system of health-care delivery for rural masses officially endorsed in 1968. The centrepiece of this program was introduction of into Chinese villages. The barefoot doctors, defined officially by People's Daily in 1968, young commune members who were selected to receive basic medical training and then returned to their brigades to serve their (p. 30). The term (chijiao) addresses both doctors' peasant-class origin and their socialist revolutionary passion. With implementation of rural-reform policies and dismantling of people's commune system after 1978, barefoot doctor program began to gradually disintegrate. Barefoot doctors who passed medical examinations and continued practicing medicine in villages were then renamed doctors. Fang provides a reliable and comprehensive account of barefoot doctor movement and its significant impact on contestation between Chinese and Western medicine, evolution of rural China's health-care system, and formation of a new professional group. The greatest strength of this book is author's effort to challenge orthodox interpretation of barefoot doctors' role in contest between Chinese and Western medicine in village arena. Employing evidence from local archives of Cultural Revolution period and personal interviews with villagers and former barefoot doctors in seven counties in eastern China, Fang closely examines a shifting constellation of factors including knowledge transmission, pharmaceutical prices and supply chains, healing styles, and medical beliefs. Fang argues against portrayal of barefoot doctors as a revolutionary vanguard, a perspective championed by prevailing government propaganda. He argues alternatively that barefoot doctors were more effective in facilitating entry of Western medicine into villages hitherto dominated by Chinese medicine through scientificization, institutionalization, and professionalization (p. 3), which consequently led to marginalization of traditional Chinese medicine and practice. In this sense, Fang concludes, the barefoot doctors program lasted from 1968 to 1983, [and] was a pivotal stage in displacement of Chinese medicine by Western medicine in rural China (p. …
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».