Distribution of Heavy Metals in Reclamation Soils and Their Accumulation in Crops
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The physical,chemical and biological characteristics of filling reclamation soil were studied. The soil compaction was tested using the 2800 K1 Guelph permeability testing machine made in USA,W. E. T Sensor Kit (the British three-parameter rapid measure instrument HH2/WET) and the Ameri-can compactness meter. The results show that the pH of both the fly ash and gangue filling reclamationsoil (covering soil thickiness is 40 cm) are 7.98-8.78; the soil water content is 10%-20% higher than natural soil; the permeability coefficient is 0.059-0.286; the soil compaction is 200-300 PSI. The or-ganic matter content is lower than natural soil.The theoretics and methods used for analyzing heavy metal's spatial distribution characteristics infilling reclamation area were studied. Two hundreds and forty five soil samples were collected and pro-cessed. The heavy metal concentrations of the soil samples were determined,such as As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Pb,Zn and others. The heavy metals distribution of gangue and fly ash filling reclamation soil and natural soil for comparison were studied by varying multiple,contamination degree and concentrationstrend. The results show that; 1) Simple model can figure out the change tendency of microelements. All the grand means of model fitted error of the three sites kept within 30%. The site error of coal ganguewas the least,and the maximum is 18.4% ,the minimum 8.3%. 2) The numerical value of unmensurat-ed points can be deduced from mensurated points using polynomial model. The correspondingly seriateheavy metal contents and the spatial distributions were gained. 3) Kriging model:The built models have high fitting precision,taking Cd from fly ash site as an example.The effects of pH,the organic matter,the compaction and microorganism on the heavy metal distri-bution were analyzed. The results show that:1) The soil pH,soil organic matter and soil compaction ofthe filling reclamation site all only have slight relativities with the heavy metals,and relativity coefficient are between -0.6 and 0.6.2) Soil microorganisms have quite high relativity with soil heavy metals,and this presents much more obvious at a fly ash site.The limit standard of the heavy metal contaminations in wheat,rice and soybeans in primary coun-tries and regions in the world were studied. The selection standards of the heavy metal contaminations quota in wheat and other main crops were advanced. The rhizospheric soil's pollution situations of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Pb and Zn were analyzed by single contamination index method,and comprehensive contamination index method. The comprehensive contamination index of reclamation soil was less than1,and all the observation points reached to the secondary standard requirements of soil environment quality. The results show that:1) The distributions and migration tendencies of each different parts ofthe mature wheat growing on reclamation sites are in consistent. 2) There are differences in the distribu-tions and migration tendencies of each different parts of the mature wheat growing on control sites. Rootenrichment coefficient ratio was put forward. The Cd regression equation and Cr partial differential e-quation were established.Using the Surfer software and refutations data from polynomial model,the reclaimed soil structure of mining area,the vertical and horizontal distribution features of heavy metals in the soil were visual-ized. A quantitative simulation of color mapping images to describe the migration of Cd and Cr in the wheat was developed by Photoshop. The heavy metals pollution levels in different organs of wheat wasevaluated.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».