"By which so much happiness is produced": an analysis of the seventeenth-century Kirke Tavern at Ferryland, Newfoundland

The arrival of David Kirke and his family in 1638 marked a decided change in focus at
\nthe Ferryland colony. It evolved from a colony attempting to monopolize primarily on
\nthe fishing industry, under the direction of Lord Baltimore starting in 1621, to one
\nfocusing on trade, provisioning, and the fishery (Pope 2004). The seventeenth-century
\nsite of Ferryland, Newfoundland represents an opportunity for a large-scale
\narchaeological study of life in colonial Newfoundland, as it is one of the earlier colonies
\nin North America. One aspect of the colony that has yet to be closely examined is the
\nseventeenth-century tavern operated by the Kirke family. There is potential to learn not
\nonly about how David Kirke operated this important part of the family business, but
\nalso more about the merchants, sailors, and colonists that frequented the establishment.
\nIt is also an opportunity to learn about how this tavern relates to others in comparable
\ncontexts across North America during the seventeenth century.
\nMy research will explore how the archaeological remains associated with the
\nKirke tavern can reveal information regarding tavern activities, the proprietors behind
\nthem, and the Kirke tavern’s place in a tradition of taverns and tippling houses in
\nseventeenth-century British North America. Artifacts typically uncovered in these
\ncontexts indicate that taverns were not just a place of drinking, but also one of social
\ninteraction, networking, and relaxation (Crompton 2001). The clay tobacco pipes,
\ngaming pieces and cooking and serving vessels reveal that other activities were present
\nat the Kirke tavern. The glass bottles and ceramics help archaeologists distinguish what types of wares would have been used in a tavern setting, and to some extent where they
\noriginated from, helping to determine the social interaction, socioeconomics, and the
\ntrading networks behind these consumption patterns.

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