Mistreatment of Immigrants: the History of Leprosy in Canada
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The authors have no conflicts of interest related to leprosy. No funding was obtained for this project. As a Canadian, one considers leprosy to be an illness associated with isolation and disfigurement relating to ancient civilizations, the Biblical era or remote settlements of the eastern world. However, leprosy held serious implications for Canada at the turn of the 20th century, with two leprosaria established by 1891. The Canadian Pacific Railway was completed in 1885 with much of the labour performed by Chinese immigrants. Following this, the Chinese in the province of British Columbia suffered from staggering unemployment rates and the bankruptcy of local businesses. Caucasians were not immune to this economic decline, and mounting hostility towards the Chinese arose from their willingness to accept reduced salaries in the face of decreasing labour opportunities. As such, the Chinese were marginalised into overcrowded and unsanitary Chinatowns. When in 1891 the sanitary commission for the city of Victoria discovered five individuals with leprosy in Chinatown, the municipal government immediately set to work exiling those affected to D’Arcy Island, about 25 km off the shore. Motivation likely stemmed from the need to avoid another mass protest against the Chinese immigrant population like the one that occurred in 1887. The public was relieved that the leprosy in the area was ‘relocated’, and it was reported that the majority of locals were indifferent to the sufferers’ fates. By 1906, D’Arcy had seen 23 residents, almost all Chinese. Evidence for racism directed toward the individuals with leprosy on D’Arcy comes from a comparison of the treatment at D’Arcy to its concurrent leprosarium serving a Caucasian population in Tracadie, New Brunswick. At Tracadie – which held 18 individuals by 1902 and 218 throughout its existence – patients were well taken care of by volunteer nuns. – 6 At D’Arcy, however, there was no caretaker so that residents depended on each other to maintain habitable circumstances. As time wore on, the individuals at D’Arcy became increasingly incapacitated by their disease – their digits particularly susceptible to loss of sensation,
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».