Clinical trial of local anesthetic protocols for acute pain associated with caustic paste disbudding in dairy calves
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Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Caustic paste disbudding is becoming more commonplace in North America. A large body of work has examined pain control for cautery disbudding and surgical dehorning, but fewer studies have evaluated pain control for caustic paste disbudding, and results conflict regarding benefits of local anesthesia. In humans, the pain associated with a caustic, chemical burn can differ in nature, duration, and intensity compared with a thermal burn. The objective of this clinical trial was to evaluate the effects of either a lidocaine cornual nerve block or a topical anesthetic incorporated into caustic paste on the acute pain of caustic paste disbudding. Seventy-two Holstein-Friesian calves housed in groups with an automated milk feeder were enrolled into 18 replicates balanced on age and assigned to 1 of 4 treatments: sham (S), placebo paste and a saline cornual block; topical (T), a novel caustic paste containing lidocaine and prilocaine, and a saline cornual block; cornual block (B), commercial caustic paste and a lidocaine cornual nerve block; and positive (P), commercial caustic paste and a saline cornual block. All calves received 0.5 mg/kg of meloxicam SC at the time of the block. Researchers were blinded to treatment group. Primary outcomes were validated pain behavior responses and pain sensitivity measured by algometry. Secondary outcomes consisted of respiratory and heart rate, latency to approach the evaluator, play behavior, feeding behavior, and standing and lying bout characteristics. Data were analyzed using linear, Poisson, and negative binomial regression models. Cornual-blocked calves had less pain sensitivity to 180 min after disbudding than all other groups; T and P calves had more pain sensitivity than S calves for the same time period. Compared with T and P calves, B and S calves had fewer pain behaviors until 120 min postdisbudding, decreased respiratory and heart rates, and a shorter latency to feed. The S calves exhibited more play behavior than other groups. Caustic paste appears to be acutely painful for at least 180 min, and this is reduced by a cornual nerve block but not by our novel paste. Because caustic paste may result in a different pain experience than cautery, use of a variety of metrics assessing affective state, physiologic responses, and normal behaviors, such as feeding and lying, should be included into future trials to help assess the welfare of calves disbudded by this method. We recommend that calves disbudded with caustic paste receive local anesthetic with a cornual nerve block as well as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug to mitigate acute pain.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,004 | 0,003 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle