Effect of diet on in vivo embryo production of non-lactating and non-pregnant Holstein cows
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of two isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets, a corn-based and a citruspulp based diet (both mixed with sugarcane bagasse), on the quality and quantity of embryos produced by 25 nonlactating and non-pregnant Holstein cows. The hypothesis is that a diet generating higher proportion of propionate relative to acetate in the rumen, as citrus pulp, would have positive effects on embryo production. The study was performed in a crossover design with two 70-d long periods each. Two superovulatory (SOV) treatments were performed on each period with a 35-d interval between them, in order to evaluate the acute and chronic effects of energy sources. An adaptation diet was provided for 14 d before the beginning of the experiment and for more 14 d between the two periods. Diet was balanced for maintenance and was offered individually at 1% of body weight in dry matter. Cows were weighed every 14 d. The protocol used for SOVs included eight decreasing doses of FSH (Folltropin-V, Bioniche, Canada), 300 mg i.m in total. Frozen semen of three Holstein bulls, which were balanced between treatments, was used. Seven d after AI the embryos were collected according to the procedure described by Castro Neto et al. (Theriogenology, v.63, p.1249-1255, 2005) and classified according to the stage of development (Souza et al., Animal Reproduction, v.4, p.70-76, 2007) and quality: Grade I and II (freezable), Grade III, degenerate and unfertilized oocytes (UFO). Ultrasonography evaluations were performed at the end of the SOV protocol to count the number of follicles ≥8 mm. Data were evaluated by the ProcMixed of SAS, with a 0.05 significance level. There was no change on body weight throughout the experimental period. No difference was detected on the number of freezable embryos per cow between corn and citrus pulp treatments (2.5 ± 0.79 vs. 3.4 ± 0.77, respectively; P = 0.24), Grade III embryos (0.8 ± 0.22 vs. 0.5 ± 0.22; P = 0.22), viable embryos (Grades I-III; 3.6 ± 1.01 vs. 4.0 ± 0.99; P = 0.96), degenerate (2.3 ± 0.48 vs. 2.4 ± 0.47; P = 0.85) and UFO (5.0 ± 1.11 vs. 3.8 ± 1.09; P = 0.21). The recovery rate was 60.5 ± 5.86 vs. 56.4 ± 5.77% (P = 0.53) and the average embryo development stage was 4.3 ± 0.08 and 4.3 ± 0.08 (P = 0.85) for corn and citrus pulp, respectively. Regardless of treatment, the second SOV of each period (chronic effect) resulted in a lower proportion of freezable embryos compared to the first SOV (17.5 ± 5.39 vs. 33.1 ± 5.14%; P = 0.003), viable embryos (30.0 ± 6.83 vs. 39.3 ± 6.59%; P = 0.05) and UFO (37.4 ± 6.23 vs. 53.1 ± 5.88%; P = 0.02). The first period had a greater number of ovulated follicles per cow compared to the second (18.5 ± 1.96 vs. 15.2 ± 1.95; P = 0.04). It was concluded that there was no effect of diet on the production and quality of the embryos.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».