Depth distribution of the native freshwater mussel (<i>Echyridella menziesii</i>) in warm monomictic lakes: Towards a general model for mussels in lakes
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Freshwater mussels are large, long‐lived and can be important contributors to benthic biomass and processes. They are currently one of the most endangered groups of organisms and it is urgent to develop tools to predict their distribution and the potential effect of their decline or disappearance on these ecosystems. Cyr ( ) showed that the distribution of Elliptio complanata (Unionidae) in Canadian Shield lakes is constrained by physical forces. Here we test Cyr's model in a very different group of mussels (Hyriidae), in different types of lakes (warm monomictic lakes) that cover a wider range of sizes and morphologies. We use data on the depth distribution of Echyridella menziesii along 38 depth transects in 11 warm monomictic lakes located in New Zealand to test three hypotheses: (1) wave‐mixed depth and bottom slope are good predictors of the depth of maximum mussel density, (2) thermocline depth does not limit the distribution of mussels in warm monomictic lakes, and (3) the lower boundary of mussel distribution is determined by the mud deposition boundary. Mussels in New Zealand lakes reach their maximum density within the epilimnion, at increasing depths with increasing lake size and increasing site exposure. The only exceptions were found in large lakes or parts of large lakes with shallow bathymetric slopes, where high mussel densities were found in relatively shallow waters. Mussel density peaks are found much deeper in the volcanic New Zealand lakes than in (glacial) Canadian Shield lakes, a discrepancy we hypothesise could be due to lower sediment stability along the steep slopes of volcanic lakes. Mussels appear to have a very broad range of depth distribution in these warm monomictic lakes. The deepest samples collected in deep oligotrophic lakes (down to 12–30 m) all contained mussels, often in substantial numbers (up to 2–186 mussels/m 2 ), and can only offer a minimal estimate of the lower boundary of their distribution. However, the distribution of mussels in highly productive lakes is limited by hypolimnetic anoxia, and therefore by position of the thermocline. Echyridella menziesii are found in a wide range of substrates. Mussels were found below the mud deposition boundary in many lakes, suggesting that the presence of fine flocculent organic sediments does not prevent them from living in deep areas. The distribution of E. menziesii in warm monomictic lakes appears to be governed by relatively simple physical processes. This supports findings for a very different group of mussels in Canadian Shield lakes and suggests that general models could be developed to predict the distribution of mussels in lakes.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».