072 Insect larvae fed mycotoxin-contaminated wheat – A possible safe, sustainable protein source for animal feed?
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Demand for increased food production, particularly protein, is increasing with the world's growing population. Alternative and sustainable sources of animal protein will be required to reduce environmental impacts of conventional livestock production. Historically, insects have been typical dietary components within eastern countries, and their nutritional value is proportionally comparable to that of conventional meat. The yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) is an edible insect, rich in CP and crude fat. Moreover, there is evidence that mealworms are able to use mycotoxin-contaminated wheat as a food source without accumulating the mycotoxins, thus providing a value for low-grade wheat along with a more sustainable and cheaper source of CP for animal feed. The aim of this study was to measure production traits and survivability and to determine whether mealworms can detoxify mycotoxins (specifically deoxynivalenol [DON]) when fed Fusarium-damaged, high-mycotoxin wheat. To achieve these objectives, naturally contaminated grain was sorted to obtain 4 levels of DON: control (0.2 ppm), low (2 ppm), medium (10 ppm), and high (12 ppm). These levels were fed to larvae (seventh to ninth instar) per replicate for feeding (n = 300) and breeding (n = 200) trials. Each treatment was replicated 5 times and the endpoint for both experiments was when 2 pupae where observed (mean = 32.8 ± 3.2 d). Larvae were fasted for 24 h and frozen prior to mycotoxin analysis by HPLC/mass spectrometry. Fusarium graminearum was culture isolated from highly chalky damaged kernels. Survival rate tended to be higher in the high diet treatment than the other treatments (P = 0.0534) when using the GLIMMIX procedure in SAS. Mean ADG was estimated as 604.9542 mg/d per replicate (300 larvae), and there was no significant difference between treatments (P = 0.1489). Nevertheless, the feed conversion ratio was significantly higher for the low mycotoxin diet (mean = 84.6141, P = 0.0001) when compared with other treatments. Conversely, DON was measurable within the mealworms across all replicates with a mean of 0.1291 ppm and a range of 0.0977 to 0.1902 ppm with 6.3, 1.2, and 1.1% of ingested DON detected in dry bodies from low, medium, and high mycotoxin diets, respectively. Notably, DON concentrations were not significantly different between diets (P = 0.8828) and are far below the regulatory limits for food or feed. From our research, Tenebrio molitor does not appear to accumulate harmful mycotoxins when fed highly contaminated grain and, with further research, could conceivably be used as a sustainable, safe protein source in animal feed.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».