Mark Twain's Mysterious Scoresheet: Personal Reviews, Op-Ed Pieces, and Polemics from outside the Purview of the Umpires
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Samuel Langhorne Clemens, widely known as Mark Twain, died at seventy-five in 1910. Several decades later, Twain's secretary from the author's final years produced a folded page of penciled notations, to which she attached this statement: Along in 1905 Mr. Clemens handed this baseball scoring to me saying, 'Someday we'll talk about that Hartford game for the Autobiography.' (1) If such a conversation occurred, seemingly it went no further, for baseball is not mentioned in Mark Twain's autobiography. Over the years, the scoresheet has been almost completely ignored, and which game Twain had in mind or why the contest was noteworthy remains unknown. Beyond such basics, Twain's enigmatic notations give rise to a number of secondary puzzlers, the whole of it constituting a mystery which defies easy resolution. THE BASEBALL CONTEXT Though bearing no date, the paper itself offers clues: entwined red letters, SLC, together with the Hartford address, identify it as stationery used by Twain in the 1870s. (2) Not coincidentally, it was during that decade, from 1874 through 1876, that Hartford enjoyed the presence of the only big-league professional baseball club in its history.(3) Twain's penciled scrawl atop the logoed sheet, Stockings vs Blue, clearly references the Hartford Dark Blues, along with a formidable rival, Boston's red-legged perennial champions. During the Dark Blues' three seasons in Hartford, they hosted Boston a total of sixteen times. (4) Twain, who enjoyed a number of recreational pursuits in these years, typically attended games with the Reverend Joseph Twichell, who had married into the Clemens family and would be the author's lifelong friend. As Twain once remarked, Preachers are always pleasant company when they are off duty. Twichell, who played center field on a local amateur nine, made the perfect ballpark companion.(5) A close inspection of David H. Fears's monumental Mark Twain Day by Day serves to eliminate those dates when the pair likely could not have attended a Hartford-Boston match. (6) Subtracting those dates when Twain was in retreat at his in-laws' Elmira farm, visiting New York City, traveling abroad, or otherwise absent from Hartford, we are left with seven candidates: [FIGURE 1 OMITTED] 1874: October 6, October 23 1875: May 18, September 25, October 19 1876: May 1, May 19 Given the small number, it would seem a simple process to identify the contest in question, especially since Twain cites specific players and game events: * Gone up on a to H * Scored an earned run on a safe hit & hits wh put out the other batsman after he had stolen second. * 2-base hits & singles * W giving A a life by an error * G. muffing a from C which gave 2 runs * home being made agst W who pitched in the 9th inning. * to Pike on the fly. * Gone up on a to H * got a baser Assuming that capital letters stand for players' surnames, we find our search further aided by a fortuitous division on the Hartford and Boston rosters: all Ws happen to be Red Stockings; all As and Cs and Hs are Dark Blues. Accordingly, the ball at the top of the bulleted list necessarily was captured by Hastings, Harbidge, or Higham. In the fourth item, Addy or Allison got on base by means of an error committed by one of the Boston Ws; and in the next G mishandled a from Carey or Cummings, resulting in two runs scored against W pitching in the ninth inning. The letter G is not found on the rosters, but Twain might have used it to differentiate between two Red Stocking siblings. Reporters sometimes referred to George Wright, Boston's star shortstop, simply as George to distinguish him from his older brother Harry, the team's manager and change pitcher. Out to Pike on the fly almost certainly refers to Lipman Pike, generally regarded as the first Jewish professional player in the country. …
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,002 | 0,012 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,002 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,004 | 0,004 |
| Communication savante | 0,007 | 0,005 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,002 | 0,004 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,009 | 0,006 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».