A8 PROLONGED FASTING ALTERS THE GUT MICROBIOME AND PROTECTS AGAINST SALMONELLA-INDUCED GUT INFLAMMATION
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
During periods of acute sickness, all animals including humans voluntarily decrease their food intake, a behavior known as “infection-induced anorexia”. Since infection-induced anorexia or fasting is highly conserved amongst mammals, we and others have proposed that it actually promotes host-defense. Several studies have demonstrated that fasting indeed attenuates disease during acute systemic infection or chronic inflammation. Since the Gastrointestinal tract is the first organ to be affected by food deprivation, we investigated if fasting alters the course of infection and/or ameliorates intestinal inflammation using a mouse model of S. typhimurium-induced colitis. We furthermore examined if fasting modifies the resident gut microbiota, and whether these modifications are instrumental to alter the course of S. typhimurium infection and colitis. S. typhimurium causes severe colitis in streptomycin pre-treated, orally infected mice as early as 12h post infection. C57BL/6 conventional as well as germfree mice were fed or fasted for 24h and orally infected with S. typhimurium, continuing the fast for another 6h to 24h. Additionally, C57BL/6 conventional mice were fed single macronutrients to gauge the effect of different nutrients on the infection. Pathology as well as Salmonella colonization, was assessed by histological and immunofluorescent staining and organ pathogen burden counts; inflammatory gene transcription was measured by qPCR. Microbiome profiling of intestinal contents was performed utilizing 16S rRNA sequencing. Fasting completely abrogated S. typhimurium infection and colitis in conventional C57BL/6 mice, whereas infection still proceeded, albeit in a reduced fashion in germfree mice in concert with minimal signs of inflammation. Microbiome profiles between fed and fasted groups differed greatly in terms of beta diversity with the fasting group showing a consistent increase in the genus Akkermansia. Feeding mice glucose alone was not sufficient to re-establish the infection, but preliminary results indicate that other macronutrients can partially restore Salmonella colonization. Taken together, our findings show that prolonged fasting dramatically protects the host against S. typhimurium infection, in part by altering the intestinal microbiome and increasing colonization resistance, likely by limiting nutrient availability for the pathogenic bacteria. Additionally our results indicate that food deprivation impairs Salmonella virulence and reduces its ability to promote an inflammatory environment independent of changes in the microbiome. CCC, CIHRNSERC
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».