The role of urologists in smoking cessation: what they can do for urological cancer patients
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Introduction Tobacco use is the most preventable cause of death, including death from cancer. Smoking is a well-known risk factor for various cancers, including bladder cancer (BCa). BCa is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract, the seventh most common cancer in men worldwide, and eighth most frequent cause of cancer-specific mortality in Europe. Smoking has been well documented as a risk factor for BCa,incidence and the factor that worsens BCa treatment outcomes and prognosis. Study Aim To evaluate the need and a potential of smoking cessation interventions that urologists can perform in their medical practice for patients with cancer of urinary or urogenital tract. Methods A search of recent literature was conducted using the MEDLINE data base and the Internet, as well as resources from well- known health, cancer and tobacco control organizations. Results Smoking cessation is proved to be one of the most effective primary and secondary preventive methods in cancer patients, however, in medical practice is still used in limited extent. Among cancer patients is mostly advised to those with lung, laryngeal or oral cancer. National health surveys show that even general practitioners (GPs) do not advise and assist their patients in quitting smoking on regular basis (such advice is usually provided to only 40-50% of smoking patients). Urologists tend to do it in medical practice much less often than GPs. A large study that examined the practice patterns of American urologists, including their smoking cessation assistance for patients with BCa, showed that over half of urologists never discussed smoking cessation and only one of five always had a talk with his BCa patient on smoking cessation. It mainly resulted from big loopholes in their knowledge and beliefs on smoking as serious risk factor in cancer of urinary tract and lack of education and professional training in smoking cessation. This paper discusses what can be done to involve urologists in smoking cessation counselling and proposes a new 5As-based scheme of brief intervention tailored to the needs of BCa cancer patients. Conclusions Urologists who treat patients with disease of urinary or urogenital tract, patients at the risk of cancer or diagnosed cancer patients may play an essential role in helping their patients cease smoking. Their cessation efforts should be focused on cancer patient-tailored brief intervention and collaboration with specialized smoking cessation resources.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,007 | 0,034 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,002 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,003 | 0,003 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,003 | 0,007 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,005 | 0,002 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,006 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».