Experiences of Sino-Belgian Trade Development modeling1/EXPERIENCES DU MODELE DE DEVELOPPEMENT DU COMMERCE SINO-BELGE
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract: Sino-Belgian trading model-Support middle & small high-tech enterprises cooperation; Government-NGO-financial institutions unite into one to establish efficient & direct connect; Promote bilateral foreign trade through technological innovation-can provide China with certain experiences not only in further enlarging Sino-EU trade, but also in China's current economy transformation. Key words: Sino-Belgian model; high-tech small enterprises cooperation; Sino-EU trade Resume: Le modele de commerce sino-belge-soutenir la cooperation de haute technologie des petites et moyennes entreprises, le gouvernement- les O.N.G- les institutions financieres s'unissent pour etablir un contact efficace et direct, promouvoir le commerce bilateral par l'innovation-peut apporter a la Chine certaines experiences non seulement dans l'elargissement du commerce sino-europeen, mais egalement dans la transformation economique actuelle de la Chine. Mots-Cles: modele sino-belge, cooperation de haute technologie des petites et moyennes entreprises, commerce sino-europeen Sino-Belgian trade has started as early as 17th century. During 1896-1905, Belgian engineer Jean Jadot hosted Hakou-Beijing railway, now known as Wuhan Beijing railway. This project was a great technological innovation then, it now still plays a significant role in Sino-Belgian bilateral engineering. China renewed its formal diplomatic relationship with Belgium in Oct. 1971, the bilateral relations have been undergoing smooth development ever since. Sino-Belgian bilateral trade was only USD 20 million in 1971, while in Jan. Nov. 2005, this figure has reached USD 10.657805 billion, with an increase of over 500 times. China is now Belgium's second largest trading partner except U.S. Belgium is China's 6th largest trading partner & the 7th biggest investor among EU countries. Belgium has been one of the earliest countries to offer governmental loan to China, it is also China's most important technology & high-tech program supplier. Belgian economy is highly complimentary with that of China. Shanghai Bell company & Xi 'an Yangsen corporation have become successful Sino-Belgian bilateral cooperation examples. Belgium has also been quite active in participating China's big west exploitation & Sino-Belgian high-tech cooperation. Both countries have been engaging in close cooperation in foreign trade, transportation, medicine, etc. Belgian, relying on service with sound industrial basis, is famous for its high-tech light industrial products. Its world famous products include chocolate, beer, diamond, carpet & rugs. Diamond & food are the two main industries toward China market, besides carpets & rugs, clothing & flowers also play an important role in Sino-Belgian trade. Export Vlaanderen has jointly organized dozens of related Belgian carpet & rugs companies to attend Chinafloor held annually in Shanghai. This has also become their most successful project in China, they put forward the program of Basing on Belgium, developing in Europe, start from Vlaanderen! Belgian is a small country with little natural resources, with 95% of its domestic companies are small ones engaging mainly in import & export, Service industry has been quite essential in Belgian national economy. With narrow domestic market, middle & small Belgian businesses have to export based on high-tech & advanced equipment, they have a say in international market by their flagship products. Belgian high-tech middle & small enterprises are open both in its structure & operation. They have been engaging for generations in the productions of machine fittings such as car spares. Belgian Prime Minister Mr. Verhofstadt has emphasized to support Belgian middle & small enterprises in Sino-Belgian high-tech cooperation in areas such as telecommunication & information. China's Prime Minister Wen Jiaobao has focused on further promoting Sino-Belgian trade in energy, environmental protection & high technology. …
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,002 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,003 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,006 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».