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Enregistrement W2971585224 · doi:10.35225/kdps.2019.14.2.73

A recipe for Successful Anti-mining Movement: The Case of Tambogrande, Peru

2019· article· en· W2971585224 sur OpenAlexaboutno aff
Samgyo Oh

Notice bibliographique

RevueThe Korean Association of NGO Studies (KANGOS) · 2019
Typearticle
Langueen
DomaineEngineering
ThématiqueMining and Resource Management
Établissements canadiensnon disponible
Organismes subventionnairesnon disponible
Mots-clésSolidarityLivelihoodAllianceOpposition (politics)State (computer science)Political scienceIdeologyStrategic allianceSustainable developmentPolitical economyEconomic growthEconomyPoliticsAgricultureSociologyGeographyEconomicsLaw

Résumé

récupéré en direct d'OpenAlex

땀보그란데 광산 개발 저지는 페루의 광산 갈등에서 여러 가지 측면에서 상징적 중요성을 갖는 광산 반대 운동이다. 후리모리 정권의 신자유주의적 개발 드라이브에 반대하는 작은 공동체의 저항운동이 성공을 거두어 세계적으로 유명해진 사례이다. 땀보그란데는 농업모델과 광산개발 모델이 충돌한 대표적 사례였으며 세계최초로 주민투표를 시행하여 광산개발에 대한 지역 주민의 결정권을 실천한 사례이기도 하였다. 땀보그란데 광산 반대 운동은 주민의 동원과 민주적 참여, 지속가능한 개발 모델에 대한 주민들의 응집된 지지, 그리고 국내외 NGO와의 연합, 유연하고 실용적인 투쟁 전략을 통해 사회적 지지를 확대하고 이를 기반으로 국가의 편향적 개발 지원과 억압을 물리치고 광산 기업을 지역에서 축출하는데 성공하였다. 땀보그란데 반대운동은 지역에서의 광산 개발 저지 성공에도 불구하고 정부의 신자유주의 정책에 수정을 가하거나 전국적인 광산 반대운동을 발전시키는 계기가 되지는 못하였다. 그러나 땀보그란데 농민들의 광산 반대 운동의 성공은 신자유주의 하에서도 지역 주민들이 스스로의 삶의 방식과 삶의 터전을 지켜낼 수 있다는 것을 보여주었다. 땀보그란데 주민들이 이 같은 삶의 자율성을 지켜낼 수 있었던 요인들 - 주민들의 풀뿌리 조직과 동원, 결정 메카니즘으로서의 주민투표 채택, 정부의 억압을 완화시킨 평화 전략, 국내외 NGO와의 연대를 통한 사회적 지지기반의 확장, 국민적 정체성에의 호소하는 상징전략 - 은 차후 페루 광산 반대운동이 단순 반대를 넘어 보다 민주적이고 참여적이며 평화적인 저항 모델을 제공해주고 있다는 점에서 큰 의의가 있다.Anti-mining movement against the development of Tambogrande mining project in the state of Piura marks an important turning point in the history of mining conflicts in Peru. It is emblematic of the successful resistance of the small peasants community against the strong alliance of neoliberal state and multinational mining company. It is also a first case of clash between agricultural development model and mining model for sustainable livelihood. Tambogrande case was also the first attempt to stop mining through popular referendum in Latin America whose step many anti-mining rural communities have followed. Peasants of Tambogrande were able to expel Canadian mining company through cohesive and continued mobilization, alliance with domestic and international NGOs, flexible and pragmatic strategy toward the Peruvian society in general as well as toward the state and the company. Their fight was a fight for sustainable livelihood, concerned about the negative impacts from the mining across the town, far from ideological opposition to the neoliberalism itself. Domestic and international NGOs offered technical information, financial support, and even strategic recommendation to recover balance of power against the much stronger development alliance of the state and the mining company. Appeal to the national identity using lemon, a main product of the region, as a symbol of a national dish, ceviche, also served to expand solidarity network in other regions and sectors. Though the anti-mining movement in Tambogrande was not able to change the state policy on neoliberal mine development nor serve to form anti-mining social movement on a national scale, it shows that it is possible to resist neoliberal onslaught through the combination of popular mobilization, flexible strategy and alliance with other sectors in civil society especially NGOs. And it will continue to serve as a model for small communities to resist neoliberal drive to develop mine projects all across the country.

Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.

Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier

Prédiction machine sur la base complète

Imitation des enseignants

Ni prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.

score de la tête « metaresearch » (Codex)0,001
score de la tête « metaresearch » (Gemma)0,002
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cStatut de validation: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Catégories candidatesaucune
Catégories consensuellesaucune
DomaineSignal candidat: aucune · Signal consensuel: aucune
Devis d'étudeSignal candidat: Qualitatif · Signal consensuel: Qualitatif
GenreSignal candidat: Empirique · Signal consensuel: Empirique
Score de désaccord entre enseignants0,020
Score d'incertitude au seuil0,039

Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)

CatégorieCodexGemma
Métarecherche0,0010,002
Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict)0,0000,000
Méta-épidémiologie (sens large)0,0000,000
Bibliométrie0,0010,001
Études des sciences et des technologies0,0120,006
Communication savante0,0040,003
Science ouverte0,0010,006
Intégrité de la recherche0,0040,003
Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger)0,0080,001

Scores machine (provisoires)

Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.

Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.

Tête enseignante Opus0,014
Tête enseignante GPT0,246
Écart entre enseignants0,232 · la distance entre les deux têtes enseignantes sur ce seul travail
Statut de validationscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle

Classification

machine, non validée

Prédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.

Les modèles n’ont appliqué aucune catégorie : rien dans la taxonomie ne correspondait à ce travail.
Devis d'étudeQualitatif
Domainenon disponible
GenreEmpirique

Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».

En bref

Citations0
Publié2019
Routes d'admission1
Résumé présentoui

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Même revueThe Korean Association of NGO Studies (KANGOS)→Même sujetMining and Resource Management→Travaux en français237 207→