Measurement and Simulation of Preferential Flow in Frozen Soils
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
The infiltrability of frozen soils strongly influences the partitioning of snowmelt and hydrological functioning of cold regions. Preferential flow in macropores may enhance infiltration into frozen soil, but flow dynamics are complicated by coupled water and heat transfer processes. Field studies were conducted in the Canadian Prairies to evaluate the dominant mechanisms controlling preferential flow in frozen soils, and the combined influence of soil freeze-thaw and preferential flow on snowmelt-driven infiltration and groundwater recharge. Results showed that preferential flow enabled relatively large amounts of snowmelt infiltration when the soil was still frozen, but that refreezing of infiltrated meltwater during winter snowmelt events progressively reduced soil infiltrability and enhanced runoff generation over subsequent events. Preferential flow allowed meltwater to bypass portions of the frozen soil and facilitated the lateral transport of meltwater between high and low topographic positions and groundwater recharge through frozen ground. Insights gained from field studies were used to develop a dual-permeability model of unsaturated flow in frozen soils that assumes two interacting pore domains (macropore and matrix) with distinct water and heat transfer regimes. This dual-permeability formulation was incorporated into the hydrological model HydroGeoSphere to account for liquid-ice phase change in macropores, such that porewater freezing in macropores is governed by macropore-matrix energy transfer. The model was tested against field and laboratory observations and used to examine the effects of preferential flow on snowmelt partitioning between surface and subsurface flow in frozen soils. Simulations were able to reproduce measured profile-scale infiltration and drainage in frozen soil due to macropores, as well as hillslope-scale partitioning of snowmelt input between runoff, infiltration and groundwater recharge. Incorporating macropore flow and freeze-thaw processes was key to simulating the hydrologic functioning of the prairie grassland landscape, and results highlighted that refreezing of infiltrated water governed by macropore-matrix heat transfer is an important subsurface process controlling runoff generation in frozen soils. This study improves our understanding of, and ability to predict, the effects of preferential flow and freeze-thaw on frozen soil infiltrability, and how these processes dictate the partitioning of snowmelt between surface runoff, soil moisture and groundwater recharge in seasonally frozen landscapes.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,017 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».