Factors Influencing the Dietary Intake of Combat Rations by Soldiers in the Canadian Armed Forces Working in the Arctic
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Purpose: This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the dietary intake of combat rations by soldiers in the Canadian Armed Forces training in the Arctic, and to measure their energy intake as well as weight and body composition changes. Methods: Soldiers’ perceptions (n=48) were initially collected with an online national survey sent between July and September 2018. Additionally, individual semi-structured interviews were conducted in March 2019 (n=16). Measurements of 14 participants were taken at different time-points during an Arctic military course from January to March2019: weight was measured using a digital scale, and body composition with bioelectrical impedance analysis. Energy intake was measured using a 24-hour food diary. Results: The survey revealed that eating on-the-move; the equipment required for food preparation and consumption; as well as the weather and environmental conditions most negatively affected dietary intake. Also, 65% of survey respondents self-reported losing weight during their training. Interviewed participants reported six main factors influencing dietary intake: food and water temperature, time needed to prepare meals, water availability, personal preferences, variety of food, and soldier mood and team morale. Twelve of the 14 participants lost weight (3.9±3.0 kg) during the first portion of the course. However, body composition did not change from beginning to end of the course. Energy intake was 2799±835 kcal/day compared to estimated energy requirements of 5577±681 kcal/day, representing an average energy deficit of49.8±19.2%. iii Conclusion: The Arctic is a challenging environment, making it difficult to adequately meet energy needs of soldiers with combat rations. Intake was below energy requirements, and weight losses were observed. Many interrelated factors influenced soldiers’ dietary intake. Combat rations adapted for soldiers’ work in the Arctic environment could help optimize consumption. In addition, further assessment of ration suitability and exploration of other factors related to soldiers’ intake in the field could be evaluated in order to enhance dietary intake.
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,003 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,002 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,003 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».