Diffusion Control of Organic Cathode Materials in Lithium Metal Battery Using a Graphite Modified Separator
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Energy storage technology is a critical research area for the success of portable electronic devices and electrical transportation. Such applications need affordable, durable, safe and environmentally friendly battery materials with high energy density. Organic cathode materials are currently promising candidates because they fulfill most of these requirements for an active battery material 1 . However, they usually suffer from a major limitation, namely their solubility in organic electrolytes 2 . Even a very low solubility translates into a decreased capacity upon cycling due to the loss of active material. Among organic cathode materials, conjugated carbonyl compounds have been intensively scrutinized because of a combination of desirable properties, such as low cost, good theoretical capacity, reversible oxidative behavior, high discharge potential and commercial availability. For example, 3,4,9,10-perylene-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (PTCDA) is an inexpensive red pigment that is widely investigated as an active material for energy devices. However, Li-PTCDA batteries suffer from poor and irreversible cycling stability due to the dissolution in the electrolyte. Even more problematic, the dissolved PTCDA migrates through the porous separator and deposits on the anode surface causing irreversible damage 3 . In order to solve this problem, chemical modifications such as polymerisation, functionalization and immobilization on carbon materials have improved cycling stability. However, these modified cathode materials, which are often prepared by complex processes, contain considerable amounts of inactive mass that cause a decreases of the energy density. We developed a Janus membrane, which consists of two layers – a commercial polypropylene separator (Celgard TM ) and a 300-600 nm layer of exfoliated graphite that was applied by a simple and environmentally friendly process. The submicron graphite layer is only permeable to Li + and it drastically improves the battery performance, as measured by capacity retention and high coulombic efficiency, even at 2C rates. Post-mortem analysis of the battery indicates that the new membrane protects the anode against corrosion, and cathode dissolution is reduced. This graphite-based membrane is expected to greatly expedite the deployment of lithium batteries using organic moities as active materials. References [1] Armand, M. & Tarascon, J. M. Building better batteries. Nature 451, 652–657 (2008). [2] Zhao, Q., Zhu, Z. & Chen, J. Molecular Engineering with Organic Carbonyl Electrode Materials for Advanced Stationary and Redox Flow Rechargeable Batteries. Adv. Mater. 29, 1–25 (2017). [3] Wang, J., Wang, X., Li, H., Yang, X. & Zhang, Y. Intrinsic factors attenuate the performance of anhydride organic cathode materials of lithium battery. J. Electroanal. Chem. 773, 22–26 (2016).
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Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».