Prevalence and Associated Factors of Myopia among Third-Grade Primary School Students in the Gongshu District of Hangzhou
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Objective: To study the prevalence and risk factors of myopia in the initial stage among third-grade students in public primary schools, and to provide protective suggestions for the prevention and control of myopia among adolescents. Methods: A cross-sectional study was used. From November 2017 to February 2018, a total of 1 004 third-grade students in Gongshu District of Hangzhou City were surveyed. Myopia questionnaires were used and eyesight-related parameters were obtained using cycloplegic refraction and biometry. Detailed questions on date-of-birth, outdoor activities, indoor activity, and parental refractive errors were asked in face-to-face interviews using a standard questionnaire. Cycloplegic refraction was performed on each research subject and a spherical equivalent (SE) of≤-0.5 D was designated as the myopia group and an SE>-0.5 D was designated as the non-myopia group. A rank sum test and Chi square were applied for parameters between the myopia and non-myopia groups. A binary logistic regression analysis was performed with myopia/non-myopia as dependent variables and all parameters as independent variables. Results: The prevalence of myopia (SE≤-0.5 D) was 32.3% among the 1 004 investigated subjects, 29.2% for male students and 35.4% for female students, implying a significant difference (χ2=4.43, P=0.035). Myopia prevalence for subjects born in the second quarter was significantly higher than those born in the first (χ2=4.30, P=0.041) and the fourth quarters (χ2=12.06, P<0.001). Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the risk factors for the prevalence of myopia include degree of myopia on the paternal side (OR=1.509, P<0.001), degree of myopia on the maternal side (OR=1.360, P<0.001), female gender (binary logistic regression, OR=1.329, P=0.049), time spent on nearwork after school (OR=1.467, P=0.034), time spent on nearwork during holidays (OR=1.352, P<0.001), time spent on middle-distance work after school (OR=1.626, P=0.045) and time spent on middle-distance work during holidays (OR=1.860, P<0.001), while time spent outdoors after school (OR=0.618, P<0.001) and time spent outdoors during holidays (OR=0.823, P=0.004) act as protective factors. Conclusion: For the initial stage of myopia, our data analysis on third-grade students in the Gongshu District of Hangzhou shows that less outdoor activity, more near-distance and middle-distance work, parental history of myopia and female gender were associated with a greater risk for myopia. More outdoor activities may help to reduce the high prevalence of myopia. In addition to school days, holidays deserve more attention. Key words: prevalence of myopia; primary students; associated factors
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».