The Concept of Smart Tourism under the Context of Tourism Information Service
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Smart tourism has become increasingly popular in mainland China since Qiwei Shao,the director of the China National Tourism Administration,called for developing the tourism industry over the next 10 years by means of tourism in July 2011.Since then,different types of events and activities have been held by the name ofsmart tourism,leading to some misunderstanding of the term.What,then,is tourism? How can it be defined? Although some researchers have expressed their understanding of the term in papers or presentations,there is still a long way to go before an accepted meaning can be reached.Some years ago outside China,some researchers and practitioners defined tourism according to their own understanding.In the United Kingdom,it was defined in 2009 asthe use and application of technology in the tourism sector by smart tourism organizations.The Tourism Industry Association of Canada in 2000 provided the following definition:smart tourism is simply taking a holistic,long- term,sustainable approach to planning,developing,operating and marketing tourism products and businesses.In the West world,it seems that tourism is not an independent concept but an adjective used in such ways as tourism information system,smart travel system,smart travel service advisor,and travel planning.Smart tourism is still a new concept,both theoretically and practically,in mainland China.According to the Baidu online encyclopedia,smart tourism isthe use of cloud computing,networking,and other new technologies with a portable terminal via the Internet or mobile Internet,in achieving information on tourism resources,tourism economy,tourist activities,etc.In this regard,tourists can acquire information in a timely manner to arrange and adjust their travel plans.This is not a theoretical definition but a descriptive notion.In the present study,based on an analysis of the definitions used by most scholars and organizations,smart tourism is defined as a ubiquitous tourist information service used by individual tourists during their trips.The definition provided by this study intends to emphasize tourism as an individual tourist support system with a carrier,information services,and ubiquitous technology;this is identified as the core area in the concept of tourism.This paper observes that great changes have taken place in tourists' behavior,tourism marketing,tourism management,and also the tourism service mode.The new information service offered by tourism and that of a traditional tourist information service are quite different with respect to three areas—destinations,enterprises,and tourists.This study compares and contrasts the particular characteristics of both traditional tourist information services and the information services of tourism.This paper presents recommendations for tourism and examines the future for tourism in China in terms of research and practical fields.For the Chinese tourism market,the use of new technology has become increasingly important in improving tourist satisfaction,reducing the costs of tourism,and increasing the efficiency of tourist transactions.Smart tourism represents a new direction for new technology directed at tourism,and it will have a significant influence on tourist destinations,enterprises,and also tourists themselves.Smart tourism represents a prospective direction for the future Chinese tourism industry.This paper indicates that unique value can be achieved by merging tourism and tourism informationization,which can be seen as an area of future development for tourism.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,004 | 0,006 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,003 | 0,014 |
| Communication savante | 0,008 | 0,013 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,006 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,003 | 0,004 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,005 | 0,001 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».