Adaptive Responses of Small-Scale Fisheries to the Vulnerabilities Resulting from Crude Oil Extraction in Western Ghana
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Offshore crude oil exploration activities affect marine-based occupations, including fishing. \nThese activities lead to the loss of biodiversity, natural resources, and income. In many areas, \nfishing entrepreneurs/ professionals along the fish value chain have raised concerns ranging \nfrom declining fish catch to loss of properties and restricted access to fishing grounds. These \nissues require attention to promote resilience and support a transition of small-scale fisheries \nfrom vulnerability to viability. Previous research has focused on vulnerabilities fishers face as \na result of crude oil extraction. However, limited knowledge exists on the adaptive responses \nused by small-scale fisheries (SSF) in response to vulnerabilities of crude oil extraction. \nHence, in this research, the study aimed to 1) explore the extent of oil and gas activities in the \nWestern Region of Ghana and the nature of Akwidaa SSF’s in the Western region of Ghana. \nSpecific attention is on the impact of oil and gas activities on fisher livelihoods; 2) investigate \nthe vulnerabilities SSF face due to crude oil production in Ghana; 3) provide an in-depth \nunderstanding of the adaptive responses available to SSF transitioning from vulnerability to \nviability. \nThe study employed a Description and responses and Appraisal for Typology (IADAp-T) \napproach to extensively review and assess existing literature on vulnerabilities affecting SSF, \ntheir institutions, and various adaptation strategies that have been devised in the past in the \nface of growing oil and gas activities. \nThe results from the assessment of past studies revealed that SSF is impacted by conflicts, low \nfish catch and increased social vices. Other impacts include environmental pollution and \nincreased cost of accommodation and living expenses. These impacts have caused loss of income and the inability of SSF to provide for their families. In addition, the decreasing \nstandard of living has led to a loss of livelihood resilience, declining well-being, and lack of \ncapital. \nIn response to these vulnerabilities, fishing groups resort to short- and long-term coping \nstrategies. Livelihood intensification and diversification to enhance fishing efforts have been \nused in the past by fishers. Other adaptive responses include increased access to capital (social, \nnatural, physical, financial, and cultural). Sustainable fisheries policy and participation, \ncommunity mobilization, migration and education have proven successful in responding to \nstressors and enhancing the resilience of small-scale fisheries. The study recommends an \nimproved avenue for representation of SSF in policymaking and development, enhanced \naccess to capitals, capacity building and training and strict environmental regulations to \nimprove well-being and resilience. Further studies on these strategies can strengthen \ncommunities and provide possible pathways for transitioning to viability.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction machine sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Le volet Gemma est une étiquette directe du modèle pour chaque travail de la base, lue sur la notice réduite au titre. Le volet Codex est un classifieur appris des 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et calibré sur les taux pondérés de l'échantillon; les champs sans appui suffisant ne portent aucun appel Codex. Le mode candidate est l'union des deux volets; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont pas des étiquettes humaines.
Scores du classifieur distillé par catégorie (deux têtes)
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Communication savante | 0,001 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,003 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule source (Gemma direct ou Codex distillé), pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».