Premenopausal Breast Cancer Risk Factors and Associations with Molecular Subtypes: A Case-Control Study
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Background. Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer in women and the leading cause of women’s cancer-related deaths and morbidity worldwide. In Rwanda, BC incidence is increasing with an unacceptably high mortality rate in premenopausal women. Objectives. The purpose was to identify modifiable BC risk factors and assess associations between common breast cancer risks factors and molecular subtypes in premenopausal women in Rwanda. Methods. This was a case-control study. Premenopausal women with histological confirmation of BC and frequency-matched for age controls were recruited. A preestablished questionnaire was administered to both cases and controls for sociodemographics, BC probable risk factors, and clinical and pathological characteristics. BC was classified into luminal A, luminal B, HER2-type, basal-like (triple negative), and unclassified molecular subtypes by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were estimated using multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results. 340 participants were recruited into the study (170 cases vs. 170 controls). The median age was 39 years. The majority of cases presented at advanced stages of the disease (51.2% in stages III and IV) and had invasive ductal carcinoma (98.2%). 60.6% had subtypes of poor prognosis (HER2 enriched 14.7%, triple negative 12.9%, and unclassified 32.9%). Alcohol intake <a:math xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"> <a:mfenced open="(" close=")"> <a:mrow> <a:mtext>AOR</a:mtext> <a:mo>=</a:mo> <a:mn>3.73</a:mn> <a:mo>,</a:mo> <a:mn>95</a:mn> <a:mi>%</a:mi> <a:mi>C</a:mi> <a:mi>I</a:mi> <a:mtext> </a:mtext> <a:mn>2.19</a:mn> <a:mo>−</a:mo> <a:mn>6.32</a:mn> <a:mo>,</a:mo> <a:mi>p</a:mi> <a:mo><</a:mo> <a:mn>0.001</a:mn> </a:mrow> </a:mfenced> </a:math> , obesity/overweight in adolescence or early adulthood <e:math xmlns:e="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"> <e:mfenced open="(" close=")"> <e:mrow> <e:mtext>AOR</e:mtext> <e:mo>=</e:mo> <e:mn>10.86</e:mn> <e:mo>,</e:mo> <e:mn>95</e:mn> <e:mi>%</e:mi> <e:mi>C</e:mi> <e:mi>I</e:mi> <e:mtext> </e:mtext> <e:mn>4.82</e:mn> <e:mo>−</e:mo> <e:mn>24.4</e:mn> <e:mo>,</e:mo> <e:mi>p</e:mi> <e:mo><</e:mo> <e:mn>0.001</e:mn> </e:mrow> </e:mfenced> </e:math> , history of primary infertility <i:math xmlns:i="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"> <i:mfenced open="(" close=")"> <i:mrow> <i:mtext>AOR</i:mtext> <i:mo>=</i:mo> <i:mn>33.8</i:mn> <i:mo>,</i:mo> <i:mn>95</i:mn> <i:mi>%</i:mi> <i:mi>C</i:mi> <i:mi>I</i:mi> <i:mtext> </i:mtext> <i:mn>3.5</i:mn> <i:mo>−</i:mo> <i:mn>321.5</i:mn> <i:mo>,</i:mo> <i:mi>p</i:mi> <i:mo>=</i:mo> <i:mn>0.002</i:mn> </i:mrow> </i:mfenced> </i:math> , nulliparity <m:math xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"> <m:mfenced open="(" close=")"> <m:mrow> <m:mtext>AOR</m:mtext> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mn>3.75</m:mn> <m:mo>,</m:mo> <m:mn>95</m:mn> <m:mi>%</m:mi> <m:mi>C</m:mi> <m:mi>I</m:mi> <m:mtext> </m:mtext> <m:mn>1.61</m:mn> <m:mo>−</m:mo> <m:mn>8.75</m:mn> <m:mo>,</m:mo> <m:mi>p</m:mi> <m:mo>=</m:mo> <m:mn>0.002</m:mn> </m:mrow> </m:mfenced> </m:math> , and a history of benign breast disease <q:math xmlns:q="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"> <q:mfenced open="(" close=")"> <q:mrow> <q:mtext>AOR</q:mtext> <q:mo>=</q:mo> <q:mn>6.06</q:mn> <q:mo>,</q:mo> <q:mn>95</q:mn> <q:mi>%</q:mi> <q:mi>C</q:mi> <q:mi>I</q:mi> <q:mtext> </q:mtext> <q:mn>1.19</q:mn> <q:mo>−</q:mo> <q:mn>30.73</q:mn> <q:mo>,</q:mo> <q:mi>p</q:mi> <q:mo>=</q:mo> <q:mn>0.03</q:mn> </q:mrow> </q:mfenced> </q:math> were associated with the occurrence of premenopausal breast cancer. There was no significant difference between risk factor stratification per molecular subtype. Conclusion. Several reproductive, environmental, and lifestyle risk factors have been identified to be associated with premenopausal BC. Among them, alcohol intake and obesity/overweight during adolescence/early adulthood can be modified. Interventions targeting alcohol consumption and obesity/overweight in adolescents and young adults may decrease the incidence of premenopausal breast cancer.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».