Short‐term ketone monoester supplementation improves cerebral blood flow and cognition in obesity: A randomized cross‐over trial
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract Adults with obesity are at increased risk of neurocognitive impairments, partly as a result of reduced cerebral blood flow and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Ketone supplements containing β‐hydroxybutyrate (β‐OHB) are a purported therapeutic strategy for improving brain health in at‐risk populations. We tested the hypothesis that short‐term β‐OHB supplementation will elevate cerebral blood flow and BDNF, as well as improve cognition in adults with obesity. In a placebo‐controlled double‐blind, cross‐over design, 14 adults with obesity (10 females; aged 56 ± 12 years; body mass index = 33.8 ± 6.9 kg m –2 ) consumed 30 mL (12 g) of β‐OHB or placebo thrice‐daily for 14 days. Blood flow ( Q ) and cerebrovascular conductance (CVC) were measured in the common carotid (CCA), internal carotid (ICA) and vertebral (VA) arteries by duplex ultrasound. BDNF was measured by an enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Cognition was assessed by the digit‐symbol substitution (DSST), Stroop and task‐switching tests. Following 14 days of ketone supplementation, we observed significant improvements in cerebrovascular outcomes including Q CCA (+12%), Q VA (+11%), VA CVC (+12%) and VA shear rate (+10%). DSST performance significantly improved following ketone supplementation (+2.7 correct responses) and improved DSST performance was positively associated improvements in cerebrovascular outcomes including Q CCA , CCA CVC , Q VA and VA CVC . By contrast to one hypothesis, β‐OHB did not impact fasting serum and plasma BDNF. β‐OHB supplementation improved cognition in adults with obesity, which may be partly facilitated by improvements in cerebral blood flow. β‐OHB supplementation was well‐tolerated and appears to be safe for cerebrovascular health, suggesting potential therapeutic benefits of β‐OHB in a population at risk of neurocognitive impairment. image Key points People with obesity are at increased risk of neurocognitive dysfunction, partly as a result of ‐induced reductions in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Ketone supplements containing β‐hydroxybutyrate (β‐OHB) reduce postprandial hyperglycaemia, which may increase CBF and BDNF, thereby protecting against obesity‐related cognitive dysfunction. We show for the first time that 14 days of thrice‐daily β‐OHB supplementation improves aspects of cognition and increases cerebrovascular flow, conductance and shear rate in the extracranial arteries of adults with obesity. Our preliminary data indicate a significant positive relationship between elevated CBF and improved cognition following β‐OHB supplementation. This trial provides a foundation for the potential non‐pharmacological therapeutic application of β‐OHB supplementation in patient groups at risk of hyperglycaemic cerebrovascular disease and cognitive dysfunction.
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Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».