VI. Conclusion-Brazil's Conduct Compromises Its Ability to Acquire the Tools of Innovation
Pourquoi ce travail est dans la base
Une base qui oublie comment elle a trouvé un travail ne peut pas être vérifiée. Voici les voies qui ont admis celui-ci.
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
A. WHAT OTHER COUNTRIES ARE DOING TO STRENGTHEN IPRs AND THEIR ABILITY TO INNOVATE In the words of one Ugandan-born American bioscientist, key to economic development is the presence of the institutions of a free society: property rights, the rule of law, free markets and limited government ... Strong intellectual property rights, administered and enforced in an impartial manner, have been an important part of this framework. As a result ... countries ... which have [put this] ... institutional framework [] in place have experienced the growth of 'knowledge-based' industries--to the benefit of all (emphasis added). (1092) An increasing number of developing countries have discovered the important role that IPRs can play in establishing the proper enabling environment for innovation and economic development, and have stepped forward to increase protection of IPRs. Patents China Just recently, the World Intellectual Property Organization announced that China had tiled 44 percent more patent applications (2,452) under the WIPO Patent Cooperation Treaty (1093) during 2005 than it had during the previous year. Patent Cooperation Treaty ... allows inventors to use a single registration to seek patents in many countries simultaneously. This ... 44 per cent increase ... means China has overtaken Australia, Canada and Italy to become the tenth biggest user of the treaty, adopted in 2000 ... The number of patents filed by developing countries grew by 20 per cent between 2004 and 2005, and now represent 6.7 per cent of the total [number of patents filed globally]. Leading this growth are China (with 2,452 patents in 2005), India (648), South Africa (336), Brazil (283) and Mexico (136) (emphasis added). (1094) This seems to reflect the growing awareness within Chinese government and industry circles that legal protection of their indigenous intellectual property assets, including patent (and even copyrights) will actually help rather than hinder the technological advancement and global competitiveness of Chinese companies. (1095) Yet, one must remain circumspect about whether this rash of patent applications actually reflects innovations that are made by rather than simply in China--i.e., whether they were merely the result of reverse-engineered products coupled with newly synthesized processes of manufacture. The importance of intellectual property was discussed during a recent interview conducted by the Xinhua news agency with the Commissioner of China's State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO). 'Improvement of China's existing intellectual property system will stimulate innovation-based competitiveness', said Tian Lipu, commissioner of the State Intellectual Property Office (SIPO), on Wednesday, In an interview with Xinhua, Tian said his office began drafting a national intellectual property strategy aimed at helping build an innovative nation in 2005. 'The government should create a favorable environment for breeding technological innovations by working out new policies and adopting incentive measures. The system of intellectual property right protection is also targeted at spurring innovative activities of individuals', Tian said. 'As the backbone of international market competition', Tian said, 'enterprises should be encouraged to invest more in research and development and should have more technologies with intellectual property (emphasis added). (1096) Nevertheless, only the passage of time will determine whether the entire Chinese government will see the virtue of stepping up their national protection of foreign intellectual property fights. In this regard, China's cooperation with the U.S. on intellectual property enforcement matters, particularly, its willingness to promptly provide the U.S. with details about Chinese IPR enforcement activities is essential to diffusing the current tensions. In fact, earlier this year, certain information delays prompted some American politicians and advocacy groups to call for WTO retaliation. …
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle