Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Finnish-Americans describe their life in America Letters before 1914. This research, a qualitative analysis of letter, deals with Finnish emigration to North America and Canada from a socio-historical point of view in the early years of overseas emigration during 1865-1914. The aim of the research is to give German readers an overall view of Finnish emigration to America. It also examines the opinions and attitudes of the first emigrant generation on the basis of their own letters home. The research material is mainly based on two file collections that consist of letters from America sent to the areas of South-Ostrobothnia and Satakunta. About 60 % of all Finns that migrated to America before 1914 came from this area. A sample of 478 letters of the one-way correspondence is studied. The destination municipalities of these letters were often the emigrants' domiciles in Finland. There were letters from 100 male and 43 female emigrants from 22 different states in the U.S. and from four Canadian provinces. The research is divided into two parts ie. emigration from Finland and immigration to The United States and Canada. The study of the characteristics of the research area is emphasized in the first part with the help of framing questions such as the size and social distribution of the emigrant group in comparison with the whole population, background factors of emigration, motives for leaving, and economic fluctuations in connection with the emigration flow. The second part, i.e., the actual letter analysis, deals with the themes that are also emphasized in the letters by the writers such as experiences of crossing the Atlantic by steamship, problems in finding work, working conditions, unemployment, moving, contacting other emigrants in other areas, home-sickness, and attitudes towards permanent return. Mentally the Finnish emigrants lived in three realities: in the community of the home village left behind, in the immigrant world, and in the international, local community of the receiving country. In the letters the emigrants describe the reality honestly, but avoid the topics that might cause criticism among the hosts. Generally, the tone of the letters is rather neutral and to the point, however the failures are not discussed. For this reason, America letters alone are not sufficient as research material for reconstructing a social history of Finnish emigrants, although they were important for the process of recruiting further emigrants from Finland.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,014 | 0,013 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; les deux têtes enseignantes s’accordent sur ce qui est montré ici.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».