Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Abstract The Burnt Lake Oil Sand Lease is located about 300 km northeast of Edmonton. The lease is estimated to contain 330 million m3 of bitumen in place in the Clearwater oil sands formation. Cold production was tested in the lease to recovery 11–12 °API crude bitumen between 1990 and 1993. Three pairs of SAGD operation began in April of 1997 after three months of circulation. Many interesting characteristics were identified in the injection and production history. During the first year of operation, pressure and oil production rates decreased when steam injection rates were reduced. After the second year of operation, oil production rates responded inversely to steam injection rates. Oil rates were reduced when steam rates were increased and oil rates increased when steam rates were reduced. Declines in oil rates were relatively slow over the entire operation period. When the steam injection was stopped for about five months after five years of operation, the operation pressure and oil production rates were gradually reduced during this period. Many other unexpected trends were also observed. All these features were consistently seen in all three pairs. This paper presents these behaviours in detail. A simulation study of nine years of performance of Pair 1 was conducted to understand these characteristics. The history match demonstrated that oil production was achieved by two different mechanisms: one was expansion of the steam chamber and the other was drainage of oil from the layer above the steam chamber. Many unexpected performances were the result of the combination of these two recovery mechanisms. Introduction Three pairs of SAGD wells began production in April of 1997 after three month of circulation. Cumulative performances to December 31, 2005 were: (Table available in full paper) Steam injection rates, oil production rates, and operation pressure of these SAGD pairs are shown in Figures 1 to 3. Well performances of Pair 1 were selected for the numerical history match study. Three months averaged steam injection and oil production rates are shown in Figure 4. Many interesting characteristics were identified in the injection and production history. 1. During the first year (April 1997 to April 1998), the operation pressure and oil production rates decreased when steam injection rates were reduced. Operation pressure and oil production rates were positively sensitive to the steam injection rates. This is typically expected for the SAGD process. However, this characteristic was detected mainly during the first year of operation. 2. After the second year of operation, oil production rates responded inversely to steam injection rates. When steam injection rates were increased, oil production rates were reduced and when steam injection rates were decreased, oil production rates were increased. 3. Steam injection was stopped in October of 2002 for about five months while operation pressure and oil production rates were gradually reduced during this period. Similar characteristics were also noticed in 2003 and 2004.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,001 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; un appel candidat d’une seule tête enseignante, pas un consensus.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».