Modeling Emulsification Influence on Oil Properties and Fate to Inform Effective Spill Response
Pourquoi ce travail est dans la base
Une base qui oublie comment elle a trouvé un travail ne peut pas être vérifiée. Voici les voies qui ont admis celui-ci.
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
Water-in-oil emulsification affects spilled oil fate and exposure, as well as the effectiveness of oil spill response options, via changes in oil viscosity. While oil weathering processes such as evaporation, dissolution, photo-oxidation, and biodegradation increase oil viscosity about 10-fold, incorporation of water droplets into floating oil can increase viscosity by another order of magnitude. The objective of this study was to evaluate how changes in viscosity by oil type, with weathering, and with emulsification affect oil fate. Oil spill modeling analyses demonstrated that the increase in viscosity from emulsification prolonged floating oil exposure by preventing the oil from dispersing into the water column. Persistent emulsified oils are more likely to come ashore than low viscosity oils that readily disperse. Through a rapid increase in viscosity, emulsification restricted entrainment and slowed evaporation. Water column exposure to dissolved concentrations increased with lower viscosity oils. Thus, the ability to emulsify, and at what weathered state, are important predictors of oil fate. Oil viscosity is an important consideration for choosing response alternatives as it controls effectiveness of mechanical removal, in-situ -burning and surface-active chemicals. Therefore, understanding and quantification of oil emulsification are research priorities. The most influential model input determining emulsification and the emulsion’s viscosity is its maximum water content, as it controls the ultimate viscosity of the emulsion. Viscosities were also influenced by the volatile content and initial viscosity of the oil. Algorithms quantifying emulsion stability under field conditions have not been developed, so emulsions were assumed stable over the 30-day simulations. Changes in emulsion stability over time would affect oil properties and so floating oil and shoreline exposures, as well as response effectiveness. However, water column exposures to dissolved concentrations are determined within a few days of oil release, and as such would not be affected by differences in long-term stabilities of the emulsions.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,001 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,001 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découle