Marianne North (1830–1890): Traveller, Botanist and Artist
Notice bibliographique
Résumé
INTRODUCTION MARIANNE NORTH was born on 24 October 1830 at Hastings in Sussex. Her father Frederic North was a landowner who came from a distinguished family. He had been elected Member of Parliament for Lewes in 1830. Her mother, who had been a young widow when she married Marianne's father, had a daughter named Janet from her previous marriage. Marianne had a younger sister Catherine and brother Charles. Marianne had little formal education but she had a good voice and took singing lessons. In 1847 the family began a three-year European tour during which she studied flower painting, botany and music. Her mother died in 1855 and when her voice gave way she concentrated on flower painting. Her father rented a flat in Victoria Street from where she and her father often rode to Chiswick and Kew Gardens. There she met the great botanist Sir William Hooker who gave her a hanging branch of the Amherstia nobilis growing normally in tropical countries. This plant may have awoken her interest in the tropics with its exotic flowers and plants. Every summer she and her sister accompanied her father on travels in Europe. She kept a diary and made sketches. During a visit to Spain she began to paint landscapes in watercolours. After her father lost his seat in parliament in 1865 Marianne accompanied him on journeys further afield including to Egypt and Syria. She took up oil painting, which she preferred to watercolour. In 1869 her father to whom she had been devoted died. Painting helped her in her grief and in 1871 she sold her home in Hastings and devoted herself to travel in search of plants and flowers and to painting. In 1871 and 1872 she travelled to Canada, the USA and Jamaica. She then spent eight months in Brazil. In 1875 she made plans to visit Japan where on a short visit in 1877 she suffered from rheumatic fever before returning to England via South East Asia. In Borneo she discovered the largest known carnivorous pitcher plant, which was the first of five plants named in her honour. She later travelled extensively in India, preferring to go about alone. She was not put off by appalling travel conditions. She also toured Australia, New Zealand and Hawaii at the suggestion of Charles Darwin.
Récupéré en direct depuis OpenAlex et désinversé. Les résumés ne sont pas conservés dans cette base de données : les index inversés représentent 8,6 Go des 9,3 Go de texte de la base, et le serveur dispose de 13 Go libres.
Comment cette classification a été obtenuedéplier
Prédiction distillée sur la base complète
Imitation des enseignantsNi prévalence calibrée, ni vérité terrain. Validation humaine à venir. Apprise à partir de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Codex et de 10 348 étiquettes directes de Gemma. Le mode candidate est l'union des têtes enseignantes seuillées; le consensus est leur intersection. Ces sorties portent le statut machine_predicted_unvalidated et ne sont ni des étiquettes humaines ni des étiquettes directes de modèles de pointe.
Scores Codex et Gemma par catégorie
| Catégorie | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Métarecherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens strict) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Méta-épidémiologie (sens large) | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Bibliométrie | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Études des sciences et des technologies | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Communication savante | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Science ouverte | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Intégrité de la recherche | 0,000 | 0,000 |
| Charge utile insuffisante (le modèle a refusé de juger) | 0,064 | 0,002 |
Scores machine (provisoires)
Les deux têtes enseignantes du modèle étudiant, lues sur ce travail. Un score ordonne la base pour la relecture; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie, et le statut de validation accompagne chaque rangée tel quel.
Scores de référence d'un modèle non mature (critères de maturité non atteints, 7 itérations). Un score ordonne; il n'affirme jamais une catégorie.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · tel quel depuis la passe de notation : score_only signifie que le nombre peut ordonner les travaux, et qu'aucune étiquette de catégorie n'en découleClassification
machine, non validéePrédiction automatique; les deux têtes enseignantes s’accordent sur ce qui est montré ici.
Le détail, modèle par modèle et score par score, se trouve en fin de page sous « Comment cette classification a été obtenue ».